Nokea
The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what?
- A. Inflexible
- B. A developmental process
- C. Differs for boys and girls
- D. Proceeds in a defined sequence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The development of sexual orientation as a part of sexual identity includes several developmental milestones during late childhood and throughout adolescence. The sequence and time spent in phases are different for each individual. Boys and girls pass through the same developmental milestones.
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The school nurse recognizes that pubertal delay in girls is considered if breast development has not occurred by which age?
- A. 10 years
- B. 11 years
- C. 12 years
- D. 13 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Girls may be considered to have pubertal delay if breast development has not occurred by age 13 years or if menarche has not occurred within 2 to 2 1/2 years of the onset of breast development.
Adolescents often do not use reasoned decision making when issues such as substance abuse and sexual behavior are involved. What is this because of?
- A. They tend to be immature.
- B. They do not need to use reasoned decision making.
- C. They lack cognitive skills to use reasoned decision making.
- D. They are dealing with issues that are stressful and emotionally laden.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the face of time pressures, personal stress, or overwhelming peer pressure, young people are more likely to abandon rational thought processes. Many of the health-related decisions adolescents confront are emotionally laden or new. Under such conditions, many people do not use their capacity for formal decision making. The majority of adolescents have cognitive skills and are capable of reasoned decision making. Stress affects their ability to process information. Reasoned decision making should be used in issues that are crucial such as substance abuse and sexual behavior.
Parents of an adolescent ask the school nurse, It is OK for our adolescent to get a job? The nurse should answer telling the parents the effects of adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week are what? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Can lead to fatigue
- B. Can lead to poorer grades
- C. Improves an interest in school
- D. Enhances development and identity
- E. Can reduce extracurricular involvement
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Detrimental effects are likely for adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week. Greater involvement in work can lead to fatigue, decreased interest in school, reduced extracurricular involvement, and poorer grades. Involvement in work may take time away from other activities that could contribute to identity development. Adolescent work as it exists today may negatively affect development.
What are characteristics of dating relationships in early adolescence? (Select all that apply.)
- A. One-on-one dating
- B. Follow ritualized scripts
- C. Are psychosocially intimate
- D. Involve playing stereotypic roles
- E. Participating in mixed-gender group activities
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Early dating relationships typically follow highly ritualized scripts in which adolescents are more likely to play stereotypic roles than to really be themselves. Participating in mixed-gender group activities, such as going to parties or other events, may have a positive impact on young teenagers well-being. One-on-one dating during early adolescence, however, with a lot of time spent alone, may lead to sexual intimacy before a teen is ready. Although teenagers may begin dating during early adolescence, these early dating relationships are not usually psychosocially intimate.
The nurse is explaining to an adolescent the rationale for administering a Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) vaccine 3 years after the last Td (tetanus) booster. What should the nurse tell the adolescent?
- A. It is time for a booster vaccine.
- B. It is past the time for a booster vaccine.
- C. This vaccine will provide pertussis immunity.
- D. This vaccine will be the last booster you will need.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the Tdap is used as a booster dose, it may be administered earlier than the previous 5-year interval to provide adequate pertussis immunity (regardless of interval from the last Td dose). It is not time or past time for a booster because they are required every 5 years. Another booster will be needed in 5 years, so it is not the last dose.