Nokea
The diagnosis of pregnancy is based on which positive signs of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Identification of fetal heartbeat
- B. Palpation of fetal outline
- C. Visualization of the fetus
- D. Verification of fetal movement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice A (Identification of fetal heartbeat) being correct:
1. Detection of fetal heartbeat confirms the presence of a developing fetus.
2. It is a definitive sign of pregnancy and indicates fetal viability.
3. Fetal heartbeat can be detected using ultrasound or Doppler.
4. This sign is not subject to interpretation or misinterpretation.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
- Choice B (Palpation of fetal outline) and D (Verification of fetal movement) are considered probable signs of pregnancy and do not provide definitive confirmation.
- Choice C (Visualization of the fetus) is not a reliable sign as it requires advanced imaging techniques and can be subjective.
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Lactation is the process of a woman producing:
- A. Sperm
- B. Urine
- C. Milk
- D. Water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lactation is the production and secretion of milk by the mammary glands to nourish an infant.
A young woman comes to the neighborhood clinic explaining that she had a negative urine pregnancy test last week but a positive test today. What is the best explanation?
- A. It is probable that the hCG levels were not high enough to be detected last week.
- B. It is likely that you may not be pregnant, so wait to see if you get your period.
- C. Don't worry, this happens sometimes. You should perform another test in a few days.
- D. Shall we set up a complete examination to see if you are really pregnant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is probable that the hCG levels were not high enough to be detected last week. This is because hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is the hormone produced during pregnancy that is detected in pregnancy tests. In early pregnancy, hCG levels can be low and may not be detectable by a urine test until they reach a certain threshold. Therefore, a negative test last week could be due to the hCG levels being below the detection threshold at that time. A positive test today indicates that the hCG levels have increased and are now detectable.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: It is likely that you may not be pregnant, so wait to see if you get your period. This is incorrect because a positive test indicates pregnancy, and waiting for a period may not be appropriate if the woman is indeed pregnant.
C: Don't worry, this happens sometimes. You should perform another test in a few days. This
The maternity nurse understands that vascular volume increases 40% to 45% during pregnancy to:
- A. compensate for decreased renal plasma flow
- B. provide adequate perfusion of the placenta
- C. eliminate metabolic wastes of the mother
- D. prevent maternal and fetal dehydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased vascular volume ensures adequate placental perfusion to support fetal growth and oxygenation.
The penis is associated most with which system in the human body?
- A. The skeletal system
- B. The reproductive system
- C. The circulatory system
- D. The endocrine system
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The penis is a primary organ of the male reproductive system, involved in sexual intercourse and urination.
The nurse is assessing a patient in her 37th week of pregnancy for the psychological responses commonly experienced as birth nears. Which psychological responses should the nurse expect to evaluate? (Select all that apply.)
- A. The patient is excited to see her baby.
- B. The patient has not started to prepare the nursery for the new baby.
- C. The patient expresses concern about how to know if labor has started
- D. The patient and her spouse are concerned about getting to the birth center in time
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Answer A (Correct): The patient being excited to see her baby is a common psychological response as birth nears. This anticipation and eagerness are typical emotions experienced by expectant mothers as they approach the end of their pregnancy journey. It reflects positive emotional preparation for the upcoming birth.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: Not preparing the nursery may indicate lack of readiness or emotional readiness for the baby's arrival, but it does not directly relate to the psychological responses commonly experienced as birth nears.
C: Expressing concern about recognizing labor signs is a common worry but does not directly point to the psychological responses commonly experienced as birth nears.
D: Being concerned about reaching the birth center in time is more related to logistical or practical considerations rather than the psychological responses typically associated with impending childbirth.