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The diameter that presents in complete breech presentation is
- A. Bitrochanteric 9.5 cm
- B. Bitrochanteric 10 cm
- C. Bisacral 9.5 cm
- D. Bisacral 10cm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The presenting diameter in complete breech presentation is bisacral 10 cm.
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The AGACNP is counseling a patient about various methods of tumor biopsy. Which of the following is not an accurate statement?
- A. Incisional biopsy is preferred to excisional biopsy when possible
- B. Core needle biopsy has a higher rate of false positive than does fine needle aspiration
- C. Fine needle aspiration does not allow grading of tumors
- D. Core needle and incisional biopsies are virtually identical in terms of false results
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Typically, excisional biopsy is preferred over incisional biopsy whenever feasible because it provides a more accurate representation of the tumor since the entire mass is removed. This benefits both the patient (by potentially preventing the need for a second procedure) and the medical team (by ensuring a more comprehensive evaluation of the tumor). It is important to remove the entire lesion during excisional biopsy to make an accurate diagnosis. Incisional biopsy, on the other hand, involves taking only a portion of the tumor for examination, which may lead to potential sampling error and inadequate representation of the tumor.
How does maternal hypertension affect fetal development?
- A. Increases risk of intrauterine growth restriction
- B. Increases risk of preterm birth
- C. May lead to stillbirth
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maternal hypertension can restrict fetal growth, increase preterm birth risk, and lead to stillbirth.
The MOST common type of breech presentation is
- A. Frank breech presentation
- B. Complete breech presentation
- C. Incomplete breech presentation
- D. Footling breech presentation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frank breech, where the buttocks are presenting with the legs extended, is the most common type of breech presentation.
The relationship between abdominal pain and vomiting typically can be characterized by saying
- A. When the vomiting precedes pain, the likelihood of surgical abdomen increases appreciably
- B. Conditions that may produce only mild nausea in the younger patient often will cause vomiting in older patients
- C. The majority of surgical abdomens do not produce vomiting as a primary symptom
- D. The presence of bile in vomitus suggests pyloric stenosis NURS 6550 Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024 QUESTION 1
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the vomiting precedes pain, the likelihood of surgical abdomen increases appreciably. This statement is based on how the timing of symptoms can indicate the severity of the underlying condition. In cases where vomiting occurs before the onset of abdominal pain, it can be a sign of a more serious issue requiring urgent medical attention, such as a surgical abdomen. This sequence of symptoms suggests that there may be an obstruction or other critical issue in the gastrointestinal tract that is leading to the symptoms of vomiting and pain. Therefore, recognizing the relationship between the timing of symptoms like abdominal pain and vomiting is crucial in determining the urgency of intervention and appropriate medical management.
Which of the following birth trauma results from damage of cervical nerve roots C8 & T1?
- A. Erb’s palsy
- B. Radial palsy
- C. Brachial palsy
- D. Facial palsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erb’s palsy results from damage to the C8 and T1 cervical nerve roots.