Chronic Illness Nursing Questions

Chronic Illness Nursing Questions Related

Review Chronic Illness Nursing Questions related questions and content

The disease progress of cancers, such as cervical or Hodgkin's, can be classified according to a clinical staging system. Place the description of stages 0-IV in the correct order.

  • A. Metastasis
  • B. Limited local spread
  • C. Cancer in situ
  • D. Tumor limited to tissue of origin
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Clinical staging tracks cancer progression: starting with cancer in situ, where abnormal cells stay confined, non-invasive stage 0. Next, tumor limited to tissue of origin marks stage I, with localized growth but no spread. Limited local spread, stage II, shows slight extension beyond the origin. Extensive local and regional spread, stage III, involves nearby tissues or nodes. Metastasis, stage IV, indicates distant spread, the most advanced. The sequence cancer in situ, tumor limited to origin, limited spread, extensive spread, metastasis reflects increasing severity, guiding treatment from surveillance to aggressive therapy. Nurses use this to educate patients, aligning interventions with disease extent, critical for prognosis in cancers like cervical or Hodgkin's.

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Following chemotherapy, a patient is being closely monitored for tumor lysis syndrome. Which laboratory value requires particular attention?

  • A. Platelet count
  • B. Electrolytes
  • C. Hemoglobin
  • D. Hematocrit
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tumor lysis syndrome, a post-chemotherapy emergency, floods blood with cell breakdown products potassium, phosphate, uric acid disrupting electrolytes, risking renal failure or cardiac arrest. Monitoring electrolytes is critical to catch hyperkalemia or hyperphosphatemia, guiding urgent correction like dialysis. Platelets drop with chemotherapy but aren't TLS-specific. Hemoglobin and hematocrit track anemia, not lysis effects. Electrolytes' volatility in TLS demands focus abnormalities signal escalating danger, a nurse's lifeline to intervene, ensuring rapid response to this metabolic storm in cancer treatment's wake.

A client in the oncology clinic reports her family is frustrated at her ongoing fatigue 4 months after radiation therapy for breast cancer. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

  • A. Are you getting adequate rest and sleep each day?
  • B. It is normal to be fatigued even for years afterward.
  • C. This is not normal and I'll let the provider know.
  • D. Try adding more vitamins B and C to your diet.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Radiation therapy, commonly used for breast cancer, can cause persistent fatigue as a side effect due to cellular damage and the body's prolonged healing process. This fatigue can last for months or even years post-treatment, varying by individual factors like radiation dose and overall health. Telling the client it's normal validates her experience, reduces anxiety, and helps her family understand this as a common outcome rather than a personal failing. Asking about rest is useful but doesn't address the family's frustration or provide context. Declaring it abnormal and escalating to the provider is inaccurate unless other symptoms suggest a new issue, potentially causing unnecessary worry. Suggesting vitamins lacks evidence for resolving radiation-induced fatigue and shifts focus from education. The nurse's role here is to reassure and educate, making the normalization of long-term fatigue the most appropriate response, fostering coping and support within the family.

The genetic profile determines the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in a population group. Question: Which population group has the LOWEST risk to develop endstage renal disease as a consequence of diabetes?

  • A. Afro-Americans
  • B. Iberians (Spanish origin)
  • C. Caucasians
  • D. Native Americans
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Caucasians dodge worst kidney doom Afro-Americans, Native Americans soar high, Iberians mid-tier. Genes and diabetes hit lighter here, a chronic renal risk low nurses screen this gradient.

According to Johnson and Chang (2014), compared to the non-indigenous population, the Australian indigenous population is more likely to:

  • A. Live in the bush, eat native food and have increased exposure to the elements
  • B. Have a higher incidence of chronic disease, be less healthy, die at a much younger age, and have lower quality of life
  • C. Access health care and implement appropriate lifestyle changes equitably
  • D. Experience death at a rate of twice that of the non-indigenous population
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Indigenous Australians face a heavier chronic disease load diabetes, heart issues dying younger, with life expectancy gaps of 10+ years, and poorer quality of life from systemic inequities. Bush living's a stereotype, not a health driver; equitable care's a myth access lags; death rate's high but not precisely double. Nurses see this burden, tackling social determinants, a stark chronic care reality rooted in data, not just location or access claims.

Tetanus:

  • A. typically has an incubation period of 23 days
  • B. immunization status is particularly poor in elderly women
  • C. toxoid is more effective by S.C. injection
  • D. IgG will provide passive protection for about a week
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tetanus 7-10 days incubate, elderly women lag shots, IM toxoid, Ig lasts longer, pregnancy's fine. Nurses tag this chronic gap.

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