Nokea
The electric fan in the unit sparks occasionally but continues to function relatively well. Nurse Minda though knows that she ________.
- A. Has to ask one of the staff to preliminary check it
- B. will just wait until the fan stops to function
- C. should alert the unit staff to closely observe the fan
- D. must have it checked by the Maintenance Department immediately
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nurse Minda should alert the unit staff to closely observe the fan because the occasional sparking may be a sign of an impending issue that could lead to a more serious problem. By closely monitoring the fan, the staff can ensure the safety of those in the unit and take necessary actions if the situation worsens. It is important to address potential safety hazards promptly to prevent any harm or damage.
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When the nurse researcher collects data at more than one point over an extended period, which design is applied?
- A. Cross-sectional
- B. Time sequenced
- C. Time-related
- D. Longitudinal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a longitudinal study design, the nurse researcher collects data at multiple points over an extended period of time. This design allows for the examination of changes or trends over time within the same group of participants. It helps in understanding the long-term effects and relationships between variables by tracking the same individuals over a prolonged duration. This design is particularly useful in studying developmental patterns, chronic diseases, or long-term treatment outcomes.
A patient becomes emotional while discussing their recent diagnosis. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
- A. Ignore the patient's emotions and continue with the conversation.
- B. Acknowledge the patient's emotions and offer empathy and support.
- C. Tell the patient to stop being emotional and focus on the facts.
- D. Change the subject to avoid further emotional distress.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acknowledging the patient's emotions and offering empathy and support is the most appropriate response in this situation. It is important for the nurse to show understanding and compassion towards the patient, especially when they are feeling emotional about a recent diagnosis. By acknowledging the patient's emotions, the nurse can create a supportive environment that facilitates open communication and helps the patient feel heard and valued. This approach can also help build trust between the patient and the nurse, leading to better outcomes in terms of patient care and overall well-being. Ignoring the patient's emotions, telling them to stop being emotional, or changing the subject may make the patient feel dismissed or isolated, which could negatively impact their mental and emotional state. Thus, offering empathy and support is key in helping the patient cope with their emotions and navigate through their diagnosis.
Nurse Nanie is aware that history taking and physical exam are critical to the diagnostic process and often provide more information than can be gained broad testing strategies. History taking includes the by following, EXCEPT _______
- A. History of present illness
- B. Religious Affiliation
- C. Social & Family history
- D. Past medical history
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Religious Affiliation is not typically included in the history taking process for diagnosing medical conditions. While a patient's religious beliefs may sometimes be relevant in certain situations, it is not a standard component of medical history. History taking usually includes aspects such as the history of present illness, social and family history, and past medical history as these can provide important information related to the patient's health condition.
Sandro is taking pemoline (Cylert) for ADHD. The nurse must be aware of which of the following side effects?
- A. Decreased red blood cell count
- B. Elevated white blood cell count
- C. Decreased thyroid stimulating hormones
- D. elevated liver function test results
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pemoline (Cylert) is a central nervous system stimulant used in the treatment of ADHD. One of the significant potential side effects of pemoline is hepatotoxicity, which can manifest as elevated liver function test results. Therefore, the nurse must monitor the patient's liver function regularly while they are taking pemoline to monitor for any signs of liver damage or dysfunction. It is essential to educate the patient about the signs and symptoms of liver problems, such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, or dark urine, and to report any such symptoms immediately to their healthcare provider. Regular monitoring and early detection of liver function abnormalities can help prevent severe liver damage in patients taking pemoline.
A patient with hypertension is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Which adverse effect is most commonly associated with ACE inhibitors?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Dry cough
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most commonly associated adverse effect with ACE inhibitors is a dry cough. This cough is non-productive and can be quite bothersome for patients, often leading to non-compliance with the medication. The cough is thought to be due to the accumulation of bradykinin and substance P, which are vasodilatory and bronchoconstrictive peptides that are normally degraded by ACE. When ACE is inhibited, these peptides accumulate and can lead to irritation of the respiratory tract, resulting in the dry cough. It's important for healthcare providers to be aware of this common side effect and consider alternative medications if the cough becomes problematic for the patient.