Nokea
The estimated calorie requirements established in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2015-2020, are based on which of the following?
- A. Age, gender, and activity
- B. Weight and percentage of body fat
- C. Weight and height
- D. An average of all sizes and ages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calorie needs are tailored to age, gender, and activity level for personalized recommendations.
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Most absorption of nutrients occurs in the
- A. Duodenum and jejunum.
- B. Stomach.
- C. Ileum.
- D. Ascending colon.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The duodenum and jejunum have a large surface area due to villi, making them primary sites for nutrient absorption.
For nutrients to be utilized, they must first be absorbed into the bloodstream from the GI tract. This is accomplished by uptake of the nutrients into the
- A. Arteries providing the GI tract with blood supply.
- B. Veins carrying deoxygenated blood away from the GI tract.
- C. Capillaries located in the intestinal wall villi.
- D. Vessels in the pylorus of the stomach.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Capillaries in the intestinal villi absorb nutrients, which are then transported to the bloodstream.
Water has several important functions in the body. Which of the following are functions of water?
- A. To help maintain body temperature
- B. To help maintain blood pressure
- C. To dilute the waste products in the blood
- D. To flush toxins from your system
- E. To carry nutrients to the tissue cells
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Water regulates temperature, maintains blood pressure, dilutes waste, removes toxins, and transports nutrients.
A new food label will now include which information?
- A. Added sugars
- B. Calories per half-serving
- C. Added sodium
- D. Gluten content
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: New food labels are required to list added sugars to help consumers monitor intake and make healthier choices.
It is recommended that women who may become or are pregnant should consume adequate
- A. Synthetic folic acid daily from fortified foods or supplements.
- B. Enhancers of iron absorption, such as vitamin C-rich foods.
- C. Food forms of folic acid such as enriched grains, beans, peas, and oranges.
- D. Foods high in heme-iron, iron-rich plant foods, or iron-fortified foods.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Synthetic folic acid and food sources of folate are critical for preventing neural tube defects in early pregnancy.