Nokea
The following are true about education for insulin therapy EXCEPT:
- A. It can only be done by nurses
- B. Different subjects to be covered at different stages of insulin therapy
- C. Improves adherence to insulin therapy
- D. It takes time
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin teaching docs, educators join nurses, staged topics boost sticking, time and prep pay off; nurse-only's bunk. Nurses weave this chronic learning web, not solo.
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You have just received the morning report from the night shift nurses. List the order of priority for assessing and caring for these patients.
- A. A patient who developed tumor lysis syndrome around 5:00 AM
- B. A patient with frequent reports of break-through pain over the past 24 hours
- C. A patient scheduled for exploratory laparotomy this morning
- D. A patient with anticipatory nausea and vomiting for the past 24 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tumor lysis syndrome, an oncologic emergency from rapid cell breakdown, spikes electrolytes and risks renal failure its 5:00 AM onset demands immediate assessment for stability, trumping others. Surgery prep follows laparotomy needs readiness checks like NPO status, time-sensitive but stable. Breakthrough pain, chronic over 24 hours, requires analgesia adjustment, urgent but not life-threatening. Anticipatory nausea, psychogenic, needs comfort and antiemetics, least acute. Prioritizing tumor lysis aligns with ABCs circulation and organ function ensuring rapid intervention like fluids or dialysis, a nurse's critical triage call in this lineup.
The mechanism of action of Rosiglitazone is a
- A. Insulin releasing agent
- B. PPAR γ agonist
- C. Increases cellular uptake of glucose
- D. Reduces release of insulin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rosiglitazone's PPAR γ agonist flips gene switches, boosts insulin sensitivity, a chronic cell tweak. It's not an insulin releaser, direct uptake driver, or suppressor sulphonylureas release, metformin ups uptake, none cut insulin. Pharmacists bank on this, a sensitivity shift for type 2's root.
During the teaching session for a patient who has a new diagnosis of acute leukemia, the patient is restless and looks away without making eye contact. The patient asks the nurse to repeat the information about the complications associated with chemotherapy. Based on this assessment, which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for the patient?
- A. Risk for ineffective adherence to treatment related to denial of need for chemotherapy
- B. Acute confusion related to infiltration of leukemia cells into the central nervous system
- C. Deficient knowledge: chemotherapy related to a lack of interest in learning about treatment
- D. Risk for ineffective health maintenance related to possible anxiety about leukemia diagnosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: New leukemia diagnosis plus restlessness and repeat requests scream anxiety risk for ineffective health maintenance' fits, as it ties to coping, not denial , brain infiltration , or disinterest . Nurses in oncology spot this fear fogs learning, needing slower, calmer teaching to stick.
The following strategies can be used to help patients overcome the barriers and challenges faced in insulin therapy EXCEPT:
- A. Engage the patient in shared decision making
- B. Threaten the patient into adherence with insulin therapy
- C. Provide close supervision and follow-up when the patient is newly initiated on insulin therapy
- D. Offer measures to reduce weight gain through lifestyle and dietary advice, concomitant use of insulin with metformin, SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLPIRA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin's hurdles yield to shared decisions, close watch, weight tricks, and goal setting empowering, not bullying. Threats tank trust and adherence, backfiring in chronic care where buy-in's king. Support beats scare tactics, aligning with diabetes' need for partnership, a strategy flop amid solid aids.
Which of the following interventions should be included in the nutrition care plan of the client with atherosclerosis?
- A. Limit sodium intake to 6 g per day
- B. Increase full-fat dairy products
- C. Increase saturated fats
- D. Increase daily intake of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atherosclerosis plaque-laden arteries thrives on poor diet. Boosting vegetables, fruits, and whole grains slashes cholesterol and inflammation, slowing plaque via fiber and antioxidants, a cornerstone of cardiac nutrition. Sodium limits help hypertension, but 6 g exceeds heart-healthy goals (2.3 g). Full-fat dairy and saturated fats fuel plaque, worsening disease. Nurses push plant-based eating, aligning with evidence to reverse atherosclerosis's march, a proactive step over mere restriction in this vascular battle.