Nokea
The following are true about water excretion:
- A. It is influenced by the proximal tubule
- B. It is influenced by vasopressin
- C. It depends on erythropoietin
- D. It is influenced by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is influenced by vasopressin: Vasopressin (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys, primarily by acting on the collecting ducts, enhancing water retention in response to dehydration.
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The child becomes unresponsive. The most likely underlying lesion is
- A. cardiomyopathy
- B. anomalous coronary artery
- C. tetralogy of Fallot
- D. constipation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot can cause hypoxic spells leading to unresponsiveness.
Injury to radial nerve involves:
- A. Abductor pollicis brevis is affected
- B. Abduction at the shoulder joint is impaired
- C. Sensory loss on the medial aspect of forearm is seen
- D. First dorsal interosseus is affected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abduction at the shoulder joint is impaired
The nurse is obtaining a client's fingerstick glucose level. After gently milking the client's finger, the nurse observes that the distal tip of the finger appears reddened and engorged. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Collect the blood sample
- B. Assess radial pulse volume
- C. Apply pressure to the site
- D. Select another finger
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The reddened and engorged appearance is due to increased blood flow, and the sample can still be collected.
Nurse Victoria is teaching the parents of a school-age child. Which teaching topic should take priority?
- A. Prevent accidents
- B. Keeping a night light on to allay fears
- C. Explaining normalcy of fears about body integrity
- D. Encouraging the child to dress without help
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Accident prevention is a priority for school-age children as they become more independent and engage in activities that may pose risks.
The nurse is conducting a staff in-service on congenital heart defects. Which structural defect constitutes tetralogy of Fallot?
- A. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
- B. Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
- C. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy
- D. Pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot has these four characteristics: pulmonic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. There is pulmonic stenosis but not atrial stenosis in tetralogy of Fallot. Right ventricular hypertrophy, not left ventricular hypertrophy, is present in tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot has right ventricular hypertrophy, not left ventricular hypertrophy, and an atrial septal defect, not aortic hypertrophy.