Nokea
The followings are risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) except:
- A. Elevated uric acid
- B. Elevated blood pressure
- C. Diabetes mellitus
- D. Elevated LDL-cholesterol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NAFLD ties to metabolic mess hypertension, diabetes, high LDL, and triglycerides fuel fat's liver pile-up, all in. Uric acid links to gout, not NAFLD's core, despite metabolic overlap. Clinicians eye this quartet, not urate, in chronic liver fat's risk map, a key split.
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Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of which of the following disorders?
- A. Dyslipidaemia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Cancer
- D. All disorders mentioned above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity hauls dyslipidaemia, hypertension, cancer fat's a triple threat, no dodge. Nurses see this, a chronic disease bundle.
The Barker hypothesis describes the relationship between birth weight and the development of diseases. Question: Which relationship is correct?
- A. High birth weight is associated with a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease at a later age
- B. High birth weight is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease at a later age
- C. Low birth weight is associated with a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease at a later age
- D. Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease at a later age
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Barker's call low birth weight scars metabolism, upping later obesity, diabetes, heart woes. High weight leans risky too, but low's the proven chronic link nurses track this fetal echo.
In Netherlands, women who had pregnancy diabetes are advised to be tested regularly for diabetes. Question: This test is an example of which type of prevention?
- A. Universal prevention
- B. Selective prevention
- C. Indicated prevention
- D. Care-related prevention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-gestational checks indicated, high-risk group, not all, some, or sick. Nurses track this, a chronic red flag watch.
Which of the following diseases has the highest proportion of chronic illness deaths in Canada?
- A. Cancer
- B. Diabetes
- C. Cardiovascular disease
- D. Chronic respiratory disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiovascular disease tops Canada's chronic death chart 37% globally in 2012 outpacing cancer's 27%, respiratory's 8%, and diabetes' 4%. Heart attacks and strokes dominate, fueled by aging and lifestyle, a stat nurses lean on for prevention focus. Cancer's big, breathing woes and sugar issues trail, but heart's the killer king, a chronic burden demanding vigilance.
Glibenclamide belongs to the class
- A. Sulphonylureas
- B. Thiazolidinediones
- C. Benzoic acid derivatives
- D. Biguanides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glibenclamide's a sulphonylurea pumps insulin from beta cells, a classic diabetes fix. Thiazolidinediones tweak sensitivity, benzoic acids like repaglinide hit fast, biguanides like metformin curb liver glucose. It's a chronic pancreas prod, not a sensitivity or liver play nurses and pharmacists peg it for type 2's insulin lag, a distinct class with a clear job.