Nokea
The grown daughter of a woman with Alzheimer's disease reports to the nurse that she is trying to keep her mother's condition from worsening by asking her questions whenever they are together. Which will be accomplished by this intervention?
- A. Decrease environmental misinterpretation
- B. Improve memory retention
- C. Increase frustration
- D. Slow the progress of the disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Questioning clients with Alzheimer's about tasks they cannot perform increases frustration due to their progressive cognitive decline.
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Which client would have an increased risk for delirium?
- A. An elderly woman with abdominal pain
- B. A 3-year-old child with a temperature of 103.2 F
- C. A middle-aged woman newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis
- D. A young adult male with gastroenteritis and dehydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High fever in young children significantly increases the risk of delirium, more so than the other conditions listed.
The nurse caring for an elderly woman with dementia has asked the woman's children to bring old photo albums when they visit. Which best describes the usefulness of viewing photos when caring for the dementia client?
- A. Viewing photos is a form of reminiscence therapy for the client.
- B. Sharing photos will encourage interaction with other clients.
- C. This can help the children to correctly identify old photographs.
- D. Talking about the photos will encourage the client to live in the past.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reminiscence therapy using photos stimulates remote memory, which is less impaired in dementia.
The daughter of a woman with dementia asks the nurse if her mother will ever be able to live independently again. Which would be the most appropriate response?
- A. You sound like you aren't ready for her to be dependent on caregivers.
- B. Her confusion is a temporary complication of her physical illness and should subside when the illness gets better.
- C. Symptoms of dementia gradually get worse. Unfortunately she will not be independent again.
- D. With early treatment, mild dementia can be reversed. It may be possible.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dementia is progressive, leading to increasing dependence, unlike delirium, which may be reversible.
Which statement made by the nurse would be most appropriate to an 89-year-old patient who is confused but has no history of dementia and is hospitalized for an acute urinary tract infection?
- A. You are likely to become progressively more confused now.
- B. This should be just a temporary situation.
- C. Don't worry about it, everyone is confused when they are in the hospital.
- D. I know things are upsetting and confusing right now, but your confusion should clear as you get better.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This response validates the patient's feelings while providing reassurance that delirium from the infection is typically temporary.
A nurse is educating a group of elderly community members about cognitive disorders. Which would the nurse include as a measure most likely to prevent Alzheimer's disease and other dementias?
- A. Crafts
- B. Cooking
- C. Watching television
- D. Reading
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reading and other brain-stimulating activities are associated with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease.