Nokea
The healthcare provider prescribes epoetin alfa (Procrit) 8,200 units subcutaneously for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The 2 ml multidose vial is labeled, 'Each 1 ml of solution contains 10,000 units of epoetin alfa.' How many ml should the nurse administer?
- A. 0.8
- B. 8
- D. 1
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the dose, the nurse must divide the prescribed dose (8,200 units) by the concentration (10,000 units per ml). 8,200 ÷ 10,000 = 0.82 ml, rounded to 0.8 ml.
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When planning care for a 8-year-old boy with Down syndrome, the nurse should:
- A. Plan interventions according to the developmental level of a 7-year-old child because that’s the child’s age
- B. Plan interventions according to the developmental levels of a 5-year-old because the child will have developmental delays
- C. Assess the child’s current developmental level and plan care accordingly
- D. Direct all teaching to the parents because the child can’t understand
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Care should be individualized based on the child’s current developmental level, not just their chronological age or assumptions about delays.
Which medication should the nurse prepare for immediate administration to a child experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting?
- A. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- B. Dobutamine (Dobutarex)
- C. Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
- D. Calcium chloride (calcium chloride)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After the first priority of establishing an airway, administration of epinephrine is the drug of choice. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, is usually not used for severe reactions. Dobutamine and calcium chloride are not appropriate drugs for this type of reaction.
In ventricular arrythmia:
- A. PR interval is prolonged
- B. Common in thyrotoxicosis
- C. Synchronised DC shock is the treatment of choice
- D. IV adenosine treatment is effective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Synchronised DC shock is the treatment of choice: In cases of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia, synchronized direct current shock (DC shock) is the recommended treatment.
Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans causes:
- A. Oral ulcers
- B. Cervical lymphadenopathy
- C. Microcephaly
- D. Chorioretinitis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chorioretinitis is a hallmark of congenital toxoplasmosis, leading to vision impairment.
The following causes of short stature respond to growth hormone:
- A. Turner's syndrome
- B. Panhypopituitarism
- C. Achondroplasia
- D. Social deprivation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Turner's syndrome is a condition that responds to growth hormone therapy. Panhypopituitarism also responds, but Achondroplasia and social deprivation do not.