Nokea
The hypothalamus contains cells which are sensitive to:
- A. PO2
- B. arterial blood pressure
- C. [H+]
- D. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) concentration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hypothalamus contains cells sensitive to TSH concentration, which is part of the feedback loop regulating thyroid hormone production. It is not directly sensitive to PO2, arterial blood pressure, or [H+], which are regulated by other mechanisms.
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The presence of Laseuge sign suggests damage to the following:
- A. meninges of the brain
- B. spinal roots C5-C8 or radial nerve
- C. spinal roots L5-S1 or sciatic nerve
- D. anterior horns at the level L5-S1
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinal roots L5-S1 or sciatic nerve is the correct answer because Lasegue's sign, also known as the straight leg raise test, is used to diagnose sciatica or lumbar radiculopathy. Pain elicited during this test indicates irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve or its roots, typically due to a herniated disc.
Which layer of the uterus is shed during menstruation?
- A. Perimetrium
- B. Myometrium
- C. Endometrium
- D. Ectometrium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The endometrium is the correct answer because it is the inner lining of the uterus that thickens in preparation for pregnancy and is shed during menstruation if fertilization does not occur. This cyclical process is regulated by hormones such as estrogen and progesterone and is essential for reproductive health.
The nurse teaches the patient with RA that which exercise is one of the most effective methods of aerobic exercise?
- A. Ballet dancing
- B. Casual walking
- C. Aquatic exercises
- D. Low-impact aerobic exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aquatic exercises reduce joint stress.
What surgical treatment will the nurse prepare the patient for in the presence of compartment syndrome?
- A. Fasciotomy
- B. Amputation
- C. Internal fixation
- D. Release of tendons
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasciotomy relieves pressure in compartment syndrome.
Which assessment finding suggests an issue with cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve)?
- A. Weakness or atrophy of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles.
- B. Normal shoulder shrug and head turn strength.
- C. Equal and symmetrical shoulder movement.
- D. Clear and normal speech.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cranial nerve XI (Accessory nerve) controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. Weakness or atrophy in these muscles indicates dysfunction. Normal strength, symmetrical movement, and clear speech are normal findings.