Nokea
Mr. Jay is receiving levodopa (L-dopa) to control symptoms of Parkinson disease. Which of the following indicates that he is taking his medication properly?
- A. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting
- B. Transient hypertension
- C. Constipation
- D. Rapid reduction of rigidity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Levodopa effectively reduces rigidity when taken correctly.
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Which of the following best describes the waxy-appearing material called myelin:
- A. an outermembrane on a neuroglial cell
- B. a lipid-protein (lipoprotein) cell membrane on the outside of axons
- C. a mass of white lipid material that surrounds the cell body of a neuron
- D. a mass of white lipid material that insulates the axon of a neuron
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Myelin is a lipid-rich substance that forms a sheath around axons, providing insulation and increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission. It does not surround the cell body or dendrites, making D the correct answer.
During assessment of the patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia, what should the nurse expect the patient to report?
- A. Generalized muscle twitching and spasms
- B. Nonrestorative sleep with resulting fatigue
- C. Profound and progressive muscle weakness that limits ADLs
- D. Widespread musculoskeletal pain that is accompanied by inflammation and fever
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonrestorative sleep is a hallmark of fibromyalgia.
The hypothalamus contains cells which are sensitive to:
- A. PO2
- B. arterial blood pressure
- C. [H+]
- D. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) concentration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The hypothalamus contains cells sensitive to TSH concentration, which is part of the feedback loop regulating thyroid hormone production. It is not directly sensitive to PO2, arterial blood pressure, or [H+], which are regulated by other mechanisms.
When assessing the patient's speech, the nurse should look for:
- A. Any slurred speech or difficulty articulating words.
- B. Normal tone and rhythm of speech.
- C. Absence of speech abnormalities.
- D. Clear and coherent communication.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Slurred speech or difficulty articulating words may indicate neurological issues. Normal tone, absence of abnormalities, and clear communication are expected findings.
Initial treatment of the patient with a fracture should include
- A. Surgical reduction of the fracture.
- B. Insertion of internal fixation device.
- C. Reduction of the fracture.
- D. Immobilization of the area.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobilization is often the first step in managing fractures to prevent further injury.