Nokea
The industrial nurse examines an employee who complains of right shoulder pain on abduction. He points with one finger to the exact location of the pain and mentions that he won a racquetball tournament yesterday. The nurse suspects the employee is suffering from which problem?
- A. Rotator cuff tear
- B. Bursitis
- C. Dislocation
- D. Subluxation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bursitis. The employee's complaint of shoulder pain on abduction, localized pain with a specific trigger (racquetball tournament), and no mention of trauma or instability suggest an inflammatory condition like bursitis. The other choices are incorrect because a rotator cuff tear typically presents with weakness, dislocation with a history of trauma and visible deformity, and subluxation with recurrent episodes of partial dislocation.
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Lymph consists of fluid that:
- A. Is taken up from tissues by lymphatic capillaries
- B. Carries antigens and mature dendritic cells to lymph nodes
- C. Is secreted by lymphocytes
- D. Two of these options are correct
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
1. A is correct as lymph is taken up from tissues by lymphatic capillaries.
2. B is correct as lymph carries antigens and mature dendritic cells to lymph nodes.
3. C is incorrect as lymph is not secreted by lymphocytes.
4. Therefore, D is correct as both A and B accurately describe the components and functions of lymph.
The membrane of gas vesicles is composed of:
- A. triglycerides
- B. phospholipids
- C. proteins
- D. lipopolysaccharide
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: proteins. Gas vesicles are gas-filled structures found in certain bacteria and archaea to provide buoyancy. The membrane of gas vesicles is predominantly composed of proteins that form a semi-permeable barrier to trap gas. Proteins are essential for the structure and function of gas vesicles. Triglycerides (A) are not typically found in membrane structures, phospholipids (B) are more common in cell membranes, and lipopolysaccharides (D) are typically found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, not in gas vesicle membranes.
You have developed a nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than Body Requirements for a hospitalized patient with AIDS who has anorexia and nausea. Which of these nursing actions is most appropriate to delegate to an LPN who is providing care to this patient?
- A. Administer oxandrolone (Oxandrin) 5 mg daily in morning.
- B. Provide oral care with a soft toothbrush every 8 hours.
- C. Instruct the patient about a high-calorie,high-protein diet.
- D. Assess the patient for other nutrition risk factors.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing oral care is a routine task that can be safely delegated to an LPN. Administering medications instructing about diet and assessing nutrition risk factors require more advanced knowledge and skills which are typically within the scope of an RN.
Which of the following statements is true?
- A. MHC class I and MHC class II molecules both consist of two transmembrane protein chains
- B. MHC class I molecules have one peptide-binding site whereas MHC class II molecules have two peptide-binding sites
- C. A given MHC molecule binds only one peptide at a time
- D. MHC molecules on the cell surface have empty peptide-binding sites in the absence of infection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a given MHC molecule can bind only one peptide at a time. This is essential for the proper presentation of antigens to immune cells. MHC class I and class II molecules do not consist of two transmembrane protein chains (A), MHC class I molecules have one peptide-binding site while MHC class II molecules have one peptide-binding site (B), and MHC molecules on the cell surface typically have peptides bound to their peptide-binding sites, even in the absence of infection (D).
Which of the following should a client with autoimmune disorder be advised to avoid?
- A. Rest during the periods of severe exacerbation
- B. Regular exercise during the periods of remission
- C. Being in crowds during the periods of immunosuppression
- D. Humid environment during the periods of remission
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with autoimmune disorders especially during immunosuppression should avoid crowds to reduce the risk of infections.