Nokea
The Institute of Medicine recommends that an average adult needs????.milligrams of potassium per day for optimal health.
- A. 3500
- B. 4000
- C. 3700
- D. 2800
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine recommends approximately 3500 mg of potassium daily for adults to support optimal health.
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Which of the following electrolytes does aldosterone influence the kidneys to save and/or excrete?
- A. Sodium
- B. Chloride
- C. Potassium
- D. Magnesium
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys.
Which of the following accurately describes the effects that ADH has in the body?
- A. It signals the kidneys to increase diuresis, pulling more water from the body to be excreted as urine.
- B. It suppresses urine production, thereby increasing the concentration of the urine.
- C. It directs the kidneys to increase water reabsorption.
- D. It regulates the body's water level independently of solutes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing urine output and concentrating the urine.
Ionized calcium is needed for which of the following body functions?
- A. Delivery of glucose into the cells
- B. Transmission of electrical impulses along nerve pathways
- C. Normal oxygen saturation
- D. Normal bowel function
- E. Muscle contraction and relaxation
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Ionized calcium is essential for nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction/relaxation.
The blood's bicarbonate level is controlled by which system(s)?
- A. Respiratory system
- B. Renal system
- C. Buffer system
- D. Respiratory, renal, and buffer systems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bicarbonate levels are regulated by the respiratory system (CO2 exhalation), renal system (bicarbonate reabsorption/excretion), and buffer systems (chemical buffering).
Which of the following nursing actions might be appropriate for a patient with fluid-volume excess?
- A. Administration of a diuretic ordered by the physician
- B. Encouraging consumption of a high-sodium diet ordered by the physician
- C. Auscultating the breath sounds every 4 hours
- D. Monitoring daily weights
- E. Assessing the SpO_2 every 4 hours, noting decreases
- F. Encouraging oral fluid intake of at least 1,800 mL / day
- G. Monitoring I/O (intake/output)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,G
Rationale: Appropriate actions include administering diuretics, monitoring breath sounds, weights, oxygen saturation, and intake/output to manage fluid overload.