Nokea
The lactating mother is counseled by the nurse to eat adequate amounts of meat and legumes. What level will this help to increase?
- A. Potassium
- B. Chloride
- C. Magnesium
- D. Phosphorus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phosphorus should be increased during pregnancy and lactation.
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A nurse assesses an edematous cardiac patient. The nurse is aware that this condition is a result of retained fluid. What is the patient considered to be?
- A. Hyponatremic
- B. Hypokalemic
- C. Hypernatremic
- D. Hypercalcemic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypernatremia is a greater-than-normal concentration of sodium, which leads to retained fluids and edema.
A patient admitted in a state of extreme anxiety has vital signs of T 98.6°F (37°C) P 81 BP 130/86 R 32. What will result if this hyperventilation continues?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Metabolic alkalosis
- C. Respiratory acidosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation as the lungs blow off large amounts of CO2.
What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?
- A. 10% to 20%
- B. 30% to 40%
- C. 50% to 60%
- D. 70% to 80%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The percentage of water declines to 50% to 60% in adults.
Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid. What is this ratio?
- A. 1:5
- B. 1:10
- C. 1:15
- D. 1:20
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ratio needed for homeostasis is 1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate.
The nurse explains that a normal adult will lose approximately 350 mL of water through respiration in the course of a(n) __.
Correct Answer: day
Rationale: Adults lose about 350 mL of water daily through respiration.