PN Nutrition Assessment ATI

PN Nutrition Assessment ATI Related

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The major focus of nutritional recommendations in this century has shifted to:

  • A. prevention and control of chronic diseases.
  • B. improved sanitation and public health.
  • C. prevention and control of infectious diseases.
  • D. development of healthful foods using food technology.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: prevention and control of chronic diseases. In this century, nutritional recommendations have increasingly emphasized the importance of preventing and managing chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Lifestyle factors such as diet play a significant role in the development of these conditions. Option B, improved sanitation and public health, although important for overall health, is not the primary focus of nutritional recommendations. Option C, prevention and control of infectious diseases, is also crucial but does not reflect the current major focus of nutritional recommendations. Option D, development of healthful foods using food technology, is a valid area of interest but is not the primary shift in focus observed in nutritional recommendations.

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What is the basis of MyPlate food guidance?

  • A. Percentage of calories from each macronutrient.
  • B. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning.
  • C. Appropriate amounts of food from each food group.
  • D. Amounts of macronutrients and micronutrients.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Appropriate amounts of food from each food group.' MyPlate food guidance focuses on portion sizes from different food groups to promote a balanced diet. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because MyPlate emphasizes the consumption of a variety of foods from different food groups rather than focusing solely on macronutrient percentages, exchange lists, or specific nutrient amounts.

Which age group is particularly vulnerable to malnutrition?

  • A. Infants
  • B. Teenagers
  • C. Young adults
  • D. Middle-aged adults
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition due to their high growth rate and specific nutrient requirements. During the first year of life, infants experience rapid growth and development, requiring essential nutrients for proper physical and cognitive development. Teenagers, young adults, and middle-aged adults have more stable nutritional needs compared to infants, making them less vulnerable to malnutrition. Therefore, infants are the most susceptible age group when it comes to malnutrition.

Individual nutrients are characterized by their ability to:

  • A. work independently.
  • B. fulfill specific metabolic roles.
  • C. influence weight loss.
  • D. improve mental status.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'fulfill specific metabolic roles.' Nutrients play essential roles in specific metabolic processes in the body such as energy production, tissue repair, and growth. Choice A, 'work independently,' is incorrect as nutrients often work synergistically rather than alone. Choice C, 'influence weight loss,' is incorrect as while some nutrients may support weight loss indirectly through metabolic processes, it is not their primary characteristic. Choice D, 'improve mental status,' is also incorrect as while some nutrients are important for brain health, their primary role is not specifically to improve mental status.

Nutrients interact in the body to regulate metabolic processes, build and repair tissue, and to:

  • A. provide energy.
  • B. control cellular wastes.
  • C. control hormone levels.
  • D. regulate absorption.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: provide energy. Nutrients play a crucial role in providing energy for the body's various functions. While they do help in regulating metabolic processes and in building and repairing tissue, the primary function related to energy production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as nutrients are not primarily responsible for controlling cellular wastes, hormone levels, or absorption.

What are the actions involved in the process of digestion?

  • A. thermal and chemical.
  • B. chemical and segmental.
  • C. muscular and chemical.
  • D. mechanical and thermal.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'muscular and chemical.' In the process of digestion, muscular movements help in mixing and propelling food along the digestive tract, while chemical breakdowns involving enzymes and acids break down food into smaller molecules for absorption. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as thermal, segmental, and mechanical actions are not the primary actions involved in the digestion process.

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