Nokea
The male reproductive system is made up of the following structures, EXCEPT:
- A. prostate;
- B. testicle;
- C. spermatic ducts;
- D. vestibular bulbs;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: vestibular bulbs. The male reproductive system consists of the prostate, testicles, and spermatic ducts, all essential for the production, storage, and transportation of sperm. Vestibular bulbs are actually part of the female reproductive system, involved in sexual arousal, and not found in the male reproductive system. Therefore, it is the only structure listed that is not a part of the male reproductive system.
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Which of the following factors increase the risk of prostate cancer?
- A. A low-fat diet
- B. Alcohol and caffeine consumption
- C. Living an inactive lifestyle
- D. Smoking habits
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An inactive lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
A nurse expects to find which manifestations in the male patient who has both Chlamydia and gonorrhea?
- A. Painful urination and purulent urethral discharge
- B. A single, firm painless open sore on the shaft of the penis
- C. Red superficial vesicles on the shaft of the penis
- D. A single or a cluster of wartlike growth in the anal-rectal area
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because painful urination and purulent urethral discharge are classic manifestations of both Chlamydia and gonorrhea in male patients. Painful urination, known as dysuria, is a common symptom of these sexually transmitted infections due to inflammation of the urethra. Purulent urethral discharge is also typical and results from the infection of the urethral mucosa.
Option B is incorrect as a single, firm, painless open sore on the shaft of the penis is a classic presentation of syphilis, not Chlamydia or gonorrhea. Option C is incorrect as red superficial vesicles on the shaft of the penis are characteristic of genital herpes. Option D is incorrect as a single or a cluster of wartlike growth in the anal-rectal area is typical of genital warts caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
Which of the following is the site of fertilization?
- A. Ureters
- B. Urethra
- C. Uterine tubes
- D. Ovaries
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Uterine tubes. Fertilization occurs in the uterine tubes, also known as Fallopian tubes, where the sperm and egg meet to form a zygote. The uterine tubes provide a suitable environment for fertilization to take place.
A: Ureters - Incorrect, ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, not involved in fertilization.
B: Urethra - Incorrect, the urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body, not involved in fertilization.
D: Ovaries - Incorrect, ovaries release eggs but fertilization does not occur in the ovaries; rather, it occurs in the uterine tubes.
The nurse will plan to teach a 51-yr-old man who is scheduled for an annual physical examination about a(n)
- A. increased risk for testicular cancer.
- B. possible changes in erectile function.
- C. normal decreases in testosterone level.
- D. prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: normal decreases in testosterone level. At the age of 51, it is important to educate the man about the normal age-related decline in testosterone levels, which can affect various aspects of health. This information will help manage expectations and address potential symptoms. Option A is incorrect as testicular cancer risk typically decreases with age. Option B may be a concern but is not the primary focus of education for a routine physical exam. Option D (PSA testing) is more relevant for prostate health, which is not the main focus of education for a 51-year-old man's annual physical exam.
Your 30 year old female patient is c/o bad-smelling vaginal discharge with mild itching for about 3 weeks. Douching did not help. Denies painful urination or intercourse. She noticed the smell increased after intercourse and during her period last week. There are no lesions on the perineum. No lymphadenopathy. On speculum examination, there is a thin gray-white discharge. The pH of the discharge is over 4.5 and there is a fishy odor when potassium hydroxide (KOH) is applied to the vaginal secretions on the slide. Wet prep shows epithelial cells with stippled border (clue cells). What type of vaginitis best describes the findings?
- A. Trichomonas vaginitis
- B. Candida vaginitis
- C. Bacterial vaginosis
- D. Atrophic vaginitis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bacterial vaginosis. The key findings in this scenario point towards bacterial vaginosis. The presence of thin gray-white discharge, fishy odor with KOH, pH over 4.5, and clue cells on wet prep are classic for bacterial vaginosis. Trichomonas vaginitis (choice A) typically presents with yellow-green frothy discharge and motile trichomonads on microscopy. Candida vaginitis (choice B) is characterized by thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge and budding yeast or pseudohyphae on microscopy. Atrophic vaginitis (choice D) usually occurs in menopausal women due to estrogen deficiency and presents with thin, pale vaginal walls and vaginal dryness. In this case, the absence of these findings makes bacterial vaginosis the most likely diagnosis.