Nokea
The Montessori approach believes that children learn best by
- A. Structured lessons
- B. Direct instructions
- C. Self-directed activities
- D. Group activities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Montessori emphasizes self-directed activities for optimal learning.
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While collecting admission data, the nurse suspects a patient with AIDS is experiencing an HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. What observations did the nurse make to come to this conclusion? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Audible bowel sounds
- B. Inappropriate laughter
- C. Inability to state home address
- D. Knee buckling while walking
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inappropriate laughter. Inappropriate laughter is a common symptom of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, indicating cognitive impairment. This symptom is often observed in patients with AIDS and can be indicative of changes in behavior and emotional responses.
Audible bowel sounds (A) are not specifically related to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Inability to state home address (C) may indicate memory impairment but is not a specific symptom of this disorder. Knee buckling while walking (D) is more related to physical weakness or balance issues rather than cognitive impairment associated with HIV.
Why might an immigrant patient be reluctant to participate in DOT?
- A. Immigrant patients are fearful of medical authority
- B. The patient may be fearful because of the loss of privacy or cultural misunderstanding
- C. The patient may have had a similar experience in his/her native country
- D. The patient may feel that DOT will make the illness worse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Privacy loss and cultural differences often deter immigrants from DOT participation.
The psychosexual stage associated with fixation is
- A. Oral
- B. Anal
- C. Phallic
- D. Genital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anal stage is often linked to fixation (e.g., anal-retentive traits) if unresolved (Freud).
The child's ability to understand conservation develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conservation, understanding that properties remain constant despite appearance, develops in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
Foreign medical graduates (FMGs) constitute what percentage of physicians in the U.S.?
- A. 5%
- B. 15%
- C. 25%
- D. 35%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: FMGs make up about 25% of U.S. physicians, per current data.