Nokea
The MOST common cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children is
- A. obesity
- B. allergies
- C. adenotonsillar hypertrophy
- D. pharyngeal reactive edema due to gastroesophageal reflux
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the leading cause of obstructive sleep apnea in children.
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Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents; it has multiple subtypes and requires different modalities of treatment including surgery and chemotherapy. Of the following, the subtype of osteosarcoma which is treated by surgery alone is
- A. fibroblastic
- B. chondroblastic
- C. parosteal
- D. periosteal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Periosteal osteosarcoma is often treated with surgery alone if margins are clear.
While planning for proportionate distribution of restricted fluid volumes, what is the reason for a nurse to ensure that the client is actively involved during the development of the plan?
- A. It promotes the clients compliance with therapy
- B. It minimizes the chances of adverse effects
- C. It promotes a strict food and fluid intake habit
- D. It raises the self esteem of the client
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is essential for a nurse to ensure that the client is actively involved in the development of the plan for proportionate distribution of restricted fluid volumes because it promotes the client's compliance with therapy. When the client participates in creating the plan, they are more likely to understand the importance of following it and be motivated to adhere to the recommended fluid restrictions. This active involvement fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility, leading to better treatment outcomes and improved overall health.
A nurse is recommending strategies to a group of school-age children for prevention of obesity. Which should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Eat breakfast daily.
- B. Limit fruits and vegetables.
- C. Have frequent family meals with parents present.
- D. Eat frequently at restaurants.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating breakfast daily is important for maintaining a healthy weight as it kick starts the metabolism and prevents overeating later in the day.
A child is being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the parents are with the child. Which creates stressors for children and parents in ICUs? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Equipment noise
- B. Privacy
- C. Caring behavior by the nurse
- D. Unfamiliar smells
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Equipment noise: The noises from medical equipment in the ICU can be loud and continuous, creating a stressful environment for both children and parents. This constant noise can be overwhelming and contribute to feelings of anxiety.
The thymus gland role with the immune system is which of the following?
- A. Maturates B cells
- B. Maturates platelets
- C. Maturates red blood cells
- D. Maturates T cells
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The thymus gland plays a crucial role in the immune system as it is primarily responsible for the maturation and differentiation of T lymphocytes (T cells). T cells are essential for cell-mediated immunity and play a key role in recognizing and attacking pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells. The thymus is where immature T cells mature and undergo education to ensure they can distinguish between self and non-self antigens effectively. This process is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system to protect the body from infections and diseases.