Nokea
The mother of a toddler reports that the child's father has just had a myocardial infarction (MI). Because of this, the nurse recommends the child have a(n):
- A. Electrocardiogram
- B. Lipid profile
- C. Echocardiogram
- D. Cardiac catheterization
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Current recommendations are for a lipid profile in children over 2 years of age who have a family history of cardiac events or high cholesterol.
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For one of the following, total repair is really achieved, with no requirement for long-term follow-up
- A. atrial septal defects
- B. ventricular septal defects
- C. pulmonic stenosis
- D. uncomplicated isolated pulmonic stenosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uncomplicated isolated pulmonic stenosis can often be repaired with no need for long-term follow-up.
A client with carcinoma of the lung is complaining of weakness and has a serum sodium level of 117 mEq/L. Which nursing problem should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
- A. Altered urinary elimination
- B. Impaired gas exchange
- C. Fluid volume excess
- D. Decreased cardiac output
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyponatremia (low sodium level) is often associated with fluid volume excess in clients with lung carcinoma.
Progressive spinal muscular atrophy of infancy presents with:
- A. Severe generalised weakness
- B. Fasciculations in the tongue
- C. Loss of spinothalamic tract function
- D. Spontaneous fibrillation on electromyography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progressive spinal muscular atrophy presents with severe weakness and tongue fasciculations. Spinothalamic tract function is preserved, and electromyography shows fibrillation.
Clinical manifestations of haemophilia include:
- A. Bleeding following neonatal intramuscular injection
- B. Intracranial bleeding
- C. Gingival bleeding
- D. Menorrhagia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Intracranial bleeding is a serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation of hemophilia, particularly in severe cases.
Gracie, the mother of a 3-month-old infant calls the clinic and states that her child has a diaper rash. What should the nurse advise?
- A. “Switch to cloth diapers until the rash is goneâ€
- B. “Use baby wipes with each diaper change.â€
- C. “Leave the diaper off while the infant sleeps.â€
- D. “Offer extra fluids to the infant until the rash improves.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Leaving the diaper off allows the skin to air dry and heal, reducing irritation and promoting recovery.