Nokea
The mucosal cells of the human colon perform the following functions:
- A. Converting primary bile acids into secondary bile acids
- B. Converting bilirubin into stercobilinogen +
- C. Absorption of Na
- D. Absorption of aromatic amino acids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. The mucosal cells of the colon absorb Na to maintain electrolyte balance.
2. Na absorption is crucial for water reabsorption.
3. This process helps regulate stool consistency and prevent dehydration.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Bile acid conversion primarily occurs in the liver.
B: Incorrect - Bilirubin breakdown mainly occurs in the liver and intestines.
D: Incorrect - Aromatic amino acid absorption occurs mainly in the small intestine.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is true about the liver?
- A. It produces digestive enzymes.
- B. It stores bile.
- C. It detoxifies drugs and alcohol.
- D. It produces insulin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The liver detoxifies drugs and alcohol. The liver contains enzymes that break down harmful substances, helping to remove toxins from the body. This process is essential for maintaining overall health.
Choice A is incorrect because the pancreas, not the liver, produces digestive enzymes. Choice B is also incorrect because the gallbladder, not the liver, stores bile. Choice D is incorrect because the pancreas, not the liver, produces insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Checking for the return of the gag reflex and monitoring for LUQ pain, nausea and vomiting are necessary nursing actions after which diagnostic procedure?
- A. ERCP
- B. Barium swallow
- C. Colonoscopy
- D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After EGD the gag reflex should return and the nurse should monitor for complications like LUQ pain nausea or vomiting.
The nurse identifies a need for additional teaching when a patient with acute infectious diarrhea makes which statement?
- A. I can use A&D ointment or Vaseline jelly around the anal area to protect my skin.'
- B. Gatorade is a good liquid to drink because it replaces the fluid and salts I have lost.'
- C. I may use over-the-counter Imodium or Parepectolin when I need to control the diarrhea.'
- D. I must wash my hands after every bowel movement to prevent spreading the diarrhea to my family.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The use of Imodium or Parepectolin for diarrhea should be avoided in acute infectious diarrhea as it may delay the elimination of the causative agent and worsen the condition.
A physician just told a patient that she has a volvulus. When the patient asks the nurse what this is, what is the best description for the nurse to give her?
- A. Bowel folding on itself
- B. Twisting of bowel on itself
- C. Emboli of arterial supply to the bowel
- D. Protrusion of bowel in weak or abnormal opening
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A volvulus is the twisting of the bowel, which can cause obstruction and is a medical emergency.
You have a situation where the hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter or sphincter of Oddi will not relax. You would expect
- A. chyme not to be released into the stomach.
- B. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal.
- C. the feces to contain a much higher percentage of starch and protein than normal.
- D. chyme not to be released into the large intestine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the feces to contain a much higher percentage of fat than normal. The hepatopancreatic ampullar sphincter controls the release of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the duodenum to aid in fat digestion. If it does not relax, fat digestion would be impaired, leading to undigested fat in feces. A: Chyme is the semi-liquid mixture of food and digestive juices in the stomach, not affected by this sphincter. C: Starch and protein digestion mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine, not directly influenced by this sphincter. D: Chyme enters the large intestine after passing through the small intestine, not controlled by this sphincter directly.