Nokea
The muscular wasting (hypotrophy) usually develops with disease in:
- A. upper motor neuron
- B. lower motor neuron
- C. cerebellar
- D. caudate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lower motor neuron is the correct answer because damage to these neurons directly affects the muscles they innervate, leading to atrophy, weakness, and loss of reflexes. This occurs due to the disruption of the neural connection between the spinal cord and the muscle, resulting in denervation and subsequent muscle wasting.
You may also like to solve these questions
Nurse Williams is conducting a seminar on dementia for the staff at the senior care facility. She emphasizes the importance of understanding the most prevalent causes of dementia in the elderly population. Which condition does Nurse Williams identify as the most common cause of dementia among elderly individuals?
- A. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- B. Alzheimer's disease
- C. Multiple sclerosis
- D. Parkinson's disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline.
Which of the following receptors does not span the cell membrane 7 times
- A. beta-Adrenergic receptor
- B. Rhodopsin
- C. 5-HTic receptor
- D. Mineralocorticoid receptor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The mineralocorticoid receptor is an intracellular receptor that does not span the cell membrane. It belongs to the steroid hormone receptor family and acts as a transcription factor after binding to its ligand. In contrast, beta-adrenergic receptors, rhodopsin, 5-HTic receptors, and LH receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that span the membrane seven times.
Which of the following would the nurse assess first when Joe arrives in the emergency room?
- A. Movement of fingers
- B. Pain sensation in legs
- C. Respiratory rate
- D. Temperature sensation in arms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory function is prioritized in spinal injuries.
A patient arrived in the ER with a head injury. She is unconscious. The physician and a fellow nurse are the only staff members near the patient. Her husband begins to criticize the attending physician and suggest that a different physician should care for this patient. What is the best response?
- A. Report the nurse to the attending physician.
- B. Call the nurse away from the patient and remind him that the patient can still hear even if unconscious.
- C. Ask the nurse why he has such feelings.
- D. Simply nod your head in agreement.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unconscious patients can still perceive their surroundings; thus, maintaining professional communication is important.
A client with a history of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is expecting her first child. What would be indicated for this client?
- A. Suggest reproductive counseling, as multiple sclerosis can be genetic.
- B. Instruct to expect a period of remission after delivery of the baby.
- C. Instruct to expect an exacerbation of symptoms while pregnant.
- D. Discuss pain control during labor, as contractions will be severe.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pregnancy often leads to a temporary remission of MS symptoms, but there is an increased risk of relapse postpartum. Reproductive counseling and pain management are important but secondary to understanding the disease course during pregnancy.