Drug Classification NCLEX Questions

Drug Classification NCLEX Questions Related

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The nurse administers a prescribed medication that is supplied as an enteric-coated tablet. The patient asks the nurse about this form of tablet. When describing how this tablet is absorbed, which response by the nurse would be most accurate?

  • A. The medication dissolves directly from the stomach into the body.'
  • B. The drug breaks up into pieces as it moves through the stomach.'
  • C. The medication bypasses the GI tract and goes quickly into the bloodstream.'
  • D. The drug dissolves into fragments after it reaches your small intestine.'
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets disintegrate or fragment after reaching the alkaline medium of the small intestine. Tablets and capsules break up into small particles and dissolve into body fluids in the gastrointestinal tract. Liquids and parenteral drugs are quickly absorbed into the body system.

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Indirect costs associated with drug therapy include:

  • A. The cost of diagnostic tests to monitor therapeutic levels
  • B. Health-care provider time to prescribe and educate the patient
  • C. Child-care expenses incurred while receiving therapy
  • D. Loss of wages while undergoing drug therapy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Indirect costs include societal impacts like lost wages due to treatment.

Which of the following routes have the highest bioavailability?

  • A. Oral
  • B. IM
  • C. IV
  • D. SC
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Intravenous (IV) administration delivers the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring 100% bioavailability, unlike oral (first-pass effect) or IM/SC (slower absorption).

The nurse is assessing a client with diabetes who reports several hypoglycemic episodes during the past 3 weeks. What assessment question best addresses a potential causative factor?

  • A. Do you ever take St. John's wort?'
  • B. Have you used any recreational drugs in the past few weeks?'
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: St. John's wort can affect glucose metabolism and drug interactions, potentially causing hypoglycemia in diabetics.

Osteoporosis is a major adverse effect caused by the glucocorticoids. It is due to their ability to:

  • A. Increase the excretion of calcium
  • B. Inhibit absorption of calcium
  • C. Stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
  • D. Decrease production of prostaglandins
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Glucocorticoids inhibit calcium absorption in the gut, contributing to osteoporosis.

Which of the following medications is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

  • A. Bumetanide
  • B. Hydrochlorothiazide
  • C. Spironolactone
  • D. Torsemide
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, blocking aldosterone, unlike the others which promote potassium loss.

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