Nokea
The nurse caring for families in crisis assesses the affective function of an immigrant family consisting of a father, mother, and two school-age children. Based on Friedman's structural functional theory, what defines this family component?
- A. Meeting the love and belonging needs of each member
- B. Teaching children how to function and assume adult roles in society
- C. Ensuring the family has necessary resources with appropriate allocation
- D. Involving the provision of physical care to keep the family healthy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In Friedman's structural functional theory, the affective function of a family involves meeting the love and belonging needs of each member. This includes emotional support, care, and connections that contribute to the overall well-being of the family unit. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains more to the socialization function of the family, where children learn societal roles. Choice C relates to the economic function of the family, ensuring resources are available and allocated appropriately. Choice D focuses on the instrumental function of the family, which involves meeting the physical needs and health of its members.
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The mother of a 5-year-old boy with a myelomeningocele, who has developed a sensitivity to latex, is being taught by the nurse. Which response from his mother indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. He needs to wear a medical alert identification.
- B. I will need to inform his caregivers about his latex sensitivity.
- C. A product's label always indicates whether it is latex-free.
- D. He must avoid any contact with latex.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C, 'A product's label always indicates whether it is latex-free,' indicates a need for further teaching. Not all products are clearly labeled as latex-free; therefore, it is essential to verify with manufacturers and healthcare providers. Choices A, B, and D demonstrate appropriate understanding of managing latex sensitivity in the child. Wearing a medical alert identification (Choice A), informing caregivers (Choice B), and avoiding all contact with latex (Choice D) are all important aspects of managing a child's latex sensitivity.
A child with a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome is being treated with corticosteroids. What is an important nursing consideration?
- A. Monitor for signs of infection
- B. Monitor blood pressure
- C. Monitor for hyperglycemia
- D. Monitor for hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a child with nephrotic syndrome is undergoing treatment with corticosteroids, it is crucial to monitor for signs of infection. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system, increasing the child's susceptibility to infections. Monitoring for signs of infection allows for early detection and prompt intervention, reducing the risk of complications. While monitoring blood pressure (choice B) is important in nephrotic syndrome, it is not the most immediate concern when the child is on corticosteroids. Monitoring for hyperglycemia (choice C) is relevant in corticosteroid therapy, but the priority in this scenario is to watch for signs of infection. Monitoring for hypertension (choice D) is important in nephrotic syndrome but is not the most critical consideration when the child is on corticosteroids.
When assessing a 2-year-old child with abdominal pain and adequate perfusion, general guidelines include
- A. examining the child in the parent's arms
- B. palpating the painful area of the abdomen first
- C. placing the child supine and palpating the abdomen
- D. separating the child from the parent to ensure a reliable examination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When assessing a 2-year-old child with abdominal pain and adequate perfusion, it is essential to examine the child in the parent's arms. This approach helps reduce anxiety, provide comfort, and establish trust with the child. Palpating the painful area of the abdomen first (Choice B) may cause discomfort and increase anxiety in the child. Placing the child supine and palpating the abdomen (Choice C) without considering the child's comfort and security may lead to resistance and inaccurate assessment. Separating the child from the parent (Choice D) can exacerbate the child's anxiety and hinder the examination process. Therefore, examining the child in the parent's arms is the most appropriate approach in this scenario.
The parents of a 6-week-old infant who was born without an immune system ask a nurse why their baby is still so healthy. How should the nurse reply?
- A. Exposure to pathogens during this time can be limited.
- B. Some antibodies are produced by the infant's colonic bacteria.
- C. Antibodies are passively received from the mother through the placenta and breast milk.
- D. Fewer antibodies are produced by the fetal thymus during the eighth and ninth months of gestation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Infants receive passive immunity through antibodies from the mother during pregnancy and breastfeeding, which protect them initially. Choice A is incorrect because a 6-week-old infant born without an immune system would not be able to limit exposure to pathogens effectively. Choice B is incorrect as antibodies produced by colonic bacteria are not a significant source of immunity in infants. Choice D is incorrect as the fetal thymus primarily plays a role in T cell development rather than antibody production during gestation.
A nurse is caring for an infant with a tentative diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS). What is most important for the nurse to assess?
- A. Quality of the cry
- B. Signs of dehydration
- C. Coughing up feedings
- D. Characteristics of the stool
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Signs of dehydration. Infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) are at high risk of dehydration due to frequent vomiting. Assessing for signs of dehydration, such as decreased urine output, dry mucous membranes, and sunken fontanelles, is crucial for early intervention and management. Choices A, C, and D are not the most critical assessments for HPS. The quality of the cry (choice A) may not provide as much relevant information in this case. Coughing up of feedings (choice C) may be a symptom but is not as crucial as assessing for dehydration. Characteristics of the stool (choice D) are important but assessing for signs of dehydration takes precedence due to the immediate risk it poses to the infant's health.