Nokea
.The parents of a 6-week-old infant who was born without an immune system ask a nurse why their baby is still so healthy. How should the nurse reply?
- A. Exposure to pathogens during this time can be limited.
- B. Some antibodies are produced by the infant's colonic bacteria.
- C. Antibodies are passively received from the mother through the placenta and breast milk.
- D. Fewer antibodies are produced by the fetal thymus during the eighth and ninth months of gestation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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An 8-year-old girl was diagnosed with a closed fracture of the radius at approximately 2 p.m. The fracture was reduced in the emergency department, and her arm placed in a cast. At 11 p.m., her mother brings her back to the emergency department due to unrelenting pain that has not been relieved by the prescribed narcotics. Which action would be the priority?
- A. Notifying the doctor immediately
- B. Applying ice
- C. Elevating the arm
- D. Giving additional pain medication as ordered
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action would be to notify the doctor immediately. Unrelenting pain despite medication can indicate compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. Applying ice or elevating the arm may not address the potential serious underlying issue of compartment syndrome. Giving additional pain medication without further assessment could delay necessary intervention and potentially worsen the condition.
A parent asks the nurse what they can do to help their child who is experiencing night terrors. What should the nurse suggest?
- A. Encourage the child to talk about the dream
- B. Establish a bedtime routine
- C. Allow the child to sleep with the parents
- D. Wake the child during the night
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Establishing a bedtime routine is the most appropriate suggestion for a child experiencing night terrors. Consistent bedtime routines help create a sense of security and predictability, reducing the likelihood of night terrors. Encouraging the child to talk about the dream (Choice A) may not be effective as night terrors occur during non-REM sleep, and the child may not remember the dreams. Allowing the child to sleep with the parents (Choice C) can reinforce dependency and may not address the underlying causes of night terrors. Waking the child during the night (Choice D) can disrupt their sleep cycle and worsen the occurrence of night terrors.
A nurse is evaluating a 3-year-old child's developmental progress. The inability to perform which task indicates to the nurse that there is a developmental delay?
- A. Copying a square
- B. Hopping on one foot
- C. Catching a ball reliably
- D. Using a spoon effectively
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Copying a square. At 3 years old, children should be able to copy a square as part of their fine motor skill development. The inability to perform this task may indicate a developmental delay in fine motor skills. Choice B, hopping on one foot, typically develops around 4-5 years of age, so it is not a reliable indicator of a delay at 3. Choice C, catching a ball reliably, involves coordination skills that develop later in childhood, making it less relevant for a 3-year-old assessment. Choice D, using a spoon effectively, is more related to self-care and feeding skills rather than fine motor development, so it is not the best indicator of a developmental delay in this context.
What finding would lead the nurse to suspect that a child has Turner syndrome?
- A. Webbed neck
- B. Microcephaly
- C. Gynecomastia
- D. Cognitive delay
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A webbed neck is a key feature seen in Turner syndrome, a genetic condition that occurs in females due to a complete or partial absence of one of the X chromosomes. This physical trait is caused by excess skin on the neck, giving it a webbed appearance. Microcephaly (Choice B) is a condition characterized by a smaller than average head size and is not typically associated with Turner syndrome. Gynecomastia (Choice C) refers to breast enlargement in males and is not a common finding in Turner syndrome, which affects females. Cognitive delay (Choice D) is not a specific characteristic of Turner syndrome, as the syndrome primarily affects physical development and may not necessarily impact cognitive abilities.
A nurse is assessing the oral cavity of a 6-month-old infant. The parent asks which teeth will erupt first. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Incisors
- B. Canines
- C. Upper molars
- D. Lower molars
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Incisors. In infants, incisors are usually the first teeth to erupt, typically around 6 months of age. These are the front teeth used for cutting food. Canines (Choice B), upper molars (Choice C), and lower molars (Choice D) typically erupt after the incisors. Canines are sharp teeth used for tearing food, while molars are flat teeth used for grinding food.