Nokea
The nurse correctly advises the parents to avoid administering medications containing which ingredient to their child who has hemophilia?
- A. Acetaminophen
- B. Aspirin
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Penicillin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin inhibits platelet function and increases bleeding risk, which is dangerous for a child with hemophilia, a condition characterized by impaired clotting.
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If the parents report all the following history findings to the nurse, which one is most closely correlated with an increased risk of rheumatic fever?
- A. The child was exposed to measles within the past 4 weeks.
- B. The child had a severe sore throat within the past 2 weeks.
- C. The child is lethargic and no longer interested in schoolwork.
- D. The child received a bump on the head while playing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is strongly associated with a recent streptococcal infection, such as a sore throat caused by group A Streptococcus. A severe sore throat within the past 2 weeks is a key risk factor, as it may indicate an untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal infection.
A child weighs 22 kg and is prescribed a medication at 5 mg/kg/day in two divided doses. How many milligrams should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 55 mg
Rationale: Calculation: 22 kg × 5 mg/kg/day = 110 mg/day. Divided into two doses: 110 ÷ 2 = 55 mg per dose. Since no options are provided, the calculated dose is noted for accuracy.
Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the adolescent girl in preparation for X-rays?
- A. Is there any possibility that you're pregnant?
- B. Have you eaten anything in the past 24 hours?
- C. Have you taken any medications in the past 24 hours?
- D. Are you allergic to iodine or shellfish?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking about pregnancy is critical before X-rays, as radiation can harm a fetus, making it the most important question to ensure safety.
Which diet is most appropriate for an adolescent with oral lesions and a herpes simplex infection of the mouth secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
- A. High-calorie, bland diet
- B. Soft, low-protein diet
- C. Low-residue, low-fat diet
- D. High-residue, low-cholesterol diet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high-calorie, bland diet supports nutritional needs while minimizing irritation to oral lesions, appropriate for an AIDS patient with oral herpes lesions.
A primigravida is in second stage of labour for the past two hours. Fetal head is at +1 station. Inspite of effective uterine contractions,mother is unable to push as she is exhausted. What will be the next step in her management:
- A. Wait for another one hour.
- B. Give sedation to the mother.
- C. Shift her for emergency section.
- D. Instrumental delivery.
- E. Call the anaesthetist for regional anaesthesia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Instrumental delivery (e.g. forceps or vacuum) is indicated for prolonged second stage due to maternal exhaustion provided the fetal head is engaged (+1 station). Cesarean section is considered if instrumental delivery is not feasible.