Nokea
The nurse educator is discussing emerging diseases with a group of nurses. The educator should cite what causes of emerging diseases? Select all that apply.
- A. Progressive weakening of human immune systems
- B. Use of extended-spectrum antibiotics
- C. Population movements
- D. Increased global travel
- E. Globalization of food supplies
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Emerging diseases are driven by antibiotic resistance, population movements, global travel, and food globalization. Generalized immune weakening is not a primary cause.
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A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted to the pediatric unit with infectious diarrhea. The nurse should be alert to what assessment finding as an indicator of dehydration?
- A. Labile BP
- B. Weak pulse
- C. Fever
- D. Diaphoresis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weak pulse is a key sign of dehydration in children, along with thirst, dry mucous membranes, and poor skin turgor. Labile BP, fever, and diaphoresis are not specific to dehydration.
A mother brings her 12 month-old son into the clinic for his measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination. What would the clinic nurse advise the mother about the MMR vaccine?
- A. Photophobia and hives might occur.
- B. There are no documented reactions to an MMR.
- C. Fever and hypersensitivity reaction might occur.
- D. Hypothermia might occur.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MMR vaccination may cause fever and hypersensitivity reactions. Photophobia, hives, and hypothermia are not typical, and reactions are well-documented.
A public health nurse promoting the annual influenza vaccination is focusing health promotion efforts on the populations most vulnerable to death from influenza. The nurse should focus on which of the following groups?
- A. Preschool-aged children
- B. Adults with diabetes and/or renal failure
- C. Older adults with compromised health status
- D. Infants under the age of 12 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults with compromised health status face the highest influenza mortality risk, making them the priority for vaccination promotion.
The nurse places a patient in isolation. Isolation techniques have the potential to break the chain of infection by interfering with what component of the chain of infection?
- A. Mode of transmission
- B. Agent
- C. Susceptible host
- D. Portal of entry
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isolation prevents pathogen spread by blocking the mode of transmission. It does not directly affect the agent, host, or portal of entry.
A nurse is participating in a vaccination clinic at the local public health clinic. The nurse is describing the public health benefits of vaccinations to participants. Vaccine programs addressing which of the following diseases have been deemed successful? Select all that apply.
- A. Polio
- B. Diphtheria
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Tuberculosis
- E. Pertussis
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Vaccination programs for polio, diphtheria, and pertussis are highly successful. No tuberculosis vaccine exists, and hepatitis vaccination success is less pronounced.