Nokea
The nurse has explained the reason that the primary health care provider has chosen laser surgery to treat a client's cervical cancer. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the explanation?
- A. I want to be asleep during my procedure.
- B. I have too much cancer to be removed with surgery.
- C. I am young and the laser prevents cancer tissue from re-growing.
- D. The primary health care provider is able to see all the edges of my cancer clearly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Laser therapy is performed in an outpatient setting and is used when all boundaries of the lesion are visible. Laser surgery is painless, and the client would not receive general anesthesia. Laser therapy does not prevent regrowth.
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The nurse is assessing a client with suspected dehydration. Which of the following findings would support this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
- A. Sunken fontanelles in an infant.
- B. Tachycardia.
- C. Increased urine specific gravity.
- D. Dry skin.
- E. Hypotension.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Rationale: Dehydration presents with sunken fontanelles, tachycardia, increased urine specific gravity, dry skin, and hypotension due to fluid loss.
The nurse is instructing a client on how to care for skin that has become dry after radiation therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that the client understands the teaching?
- A. I should take antihistamines to decrease the itching I am experiencing.'
- B. It is safe to apply a nonperfumed lotion to my skin.'
- C. A heating pad, set on the lowest setting, will help decrease my discomfort.'
- D. I can apply an over-the-counter cortisone ointment to relieve the dryness.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonperfumed lotion is safe for dry, irradiated skin, as it moisturizes without causing irritation or allergic reactions.
A client has been diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. The nurse should assess the client further for:
- A. Intermittent claudication.
- B. Dyspnea.
- C. Dependent edema.
- D. Crackles.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dependent edema is a key sign of right-sided heart failure, as the heart fails to pump blood effectively, causing fluid backup in the extremities.
A client with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus asks the nurse about the purpose of the vasopressin she has been prescribed. The nurse responds, knowing that this medication promotes which action?
- A. Vasodilation
- B. Decrease in peristalsis
- C. Decrease in urinary output
- D. Inhibit smooth muscle contraction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vasopressin is a vasopressor and an antidiuretic. It directly stimulates contraction of smooth muscle, causes vasoconstriction, stimulates peristalsis, and increases reabsorption of water by the renal tubules, resulting in decreased urinary output.
A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with respiratory distress. The nurse should place the client in which of the following positions?
- A. Fowler's position.
- B. Supine position.
- C. Trendelenburg position.
- D. Left lateral position.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fowler's position optimizes lung expansion and eases breathing in COPD.