Nokea
The nurse instructs a patient who has been smoking for 5 years about the warning signs of cancer. The nurse tells him that one of cancer?s eight warning signals include which change?
- A. nagging cough or hoarseness.
- B. a sore that does not heal rapidly.
- C. gallbladder disease.
- D. hematopoietic changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cancer?s eight warning signals include nagging cough or hoarseness.
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How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
- A. They replicate in an organized manner.
- B. Their cellular arrangement is abnormal.
- C. They have an irregular shape.
- D. They have abnormal chromosomes.
- E. They have a different mitosis process.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cancer cells are disorderly in replication, have larger nuclei, an irregular shape, a different number of chromosomes, and a different process of mitosis.
A patient receiving chemotherapy for treatment of cancer has a white blood cell count of 1600/mm3. This finding prompts a change in the plan of care to provide which intervention?
- A. Adequate fluid intake
- B. Protection from falls
- C. Protection against infection
- D. Frequent small nutritious snacks
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse needs to protect the patient against pathogens, monitor the patient for signs of infections, and respond aggressively if an infection occurs.
The nurse caring for a patient who is being treated for cancer of the cervix by a radioactive implant discovers that the applicator with the radioactive material has become dislodged and is lying in the bed between the patient?s legs. Which action will the nurse take?
- A. Use long-handled forceps grasp the applicator and wrap it in a towel.
- B. Help the patient to a chair and cover the applicator with a rubber sheet.
- C. Reassure the patient by staying at the bedside and call for help.
- D. Do not touch the applicator; notify the radiation safety officer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The applicator should not be touched. Reassure the patient and go to report the incident to the radiation safety officer.
The American Cancer Society recommends beginning annual mammography from ages ___ to ___
Correct Answer: 45-54
Rationale: Women between the ages of 45-54 should have annual mammography from ages 45-54, with an option to begin at age 40.
A male patient is undergoing external radiation therapy on an outpatient basis for treatment of Hodgkin disease. After 2 weeks of treatment, he tells the nurse that he is so tired he can hardly get out of bed in the morning. Which is an appropriate intervention?
- A. Take two rest periods during the day.
- B. Ambulate in the hall four times a day.
- C. Select two activities for distraction.
- D. Investigate a consultation with a psychiatrist for treatment of depression.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The person undergoing radiation therapy should be assured that lethargy and fatigue are not uncommon during treatment, and that frequent rest periods are helpful. Periods of rest are very beneficial.