Nokea
There is a risk of nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Which sets of drugs used for cancer treatment represent a high risk in this regard?
- A. Butyrophenones, phenothiazines, metoclopramide
- B. Methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin
- C. Carmustine, Cisplatin, Dacarbazine
- D. It does not matter. Chemotherapy provided to all patients will definitely trigger chemotherapy induced nausea/vomiting (CINV).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carmustine Cisplatin and Dacarbazine nearly always cause nausea and vomiting. Butyrophenones, phenothiazines, and metoclopramide are dopamine receptor antagonists (antiemetics) used to prevent and treat CINV. Methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin are chemotherapeutic drugs most frequently associated with the development of stomatis.
You may also like to solve these questions
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
- A. They replicate in an organized manner.
- B. Their cellular arrangement is abnormal.
- C. They have an irregular shape.
- D. They have abnormal chromosomes.
- E. They have a different mitosis process.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cancer cells are disorderly in replication, have larger nuclei, an irregular shape, a different number of chromosomes, and a different process of mitosis.
A patient, age 63, has terminal cancer of the liver and is cared for by his wife at home. His abdominal pain has become increasingly severe, and he now says it is intense most of the time. The nurse recognizes that teaching regarding pain management has been effective based on which measure implemented by this patient?
- A. Limiting the use of opiate analgesics to prevent addiction
- B. Using analgesics only when the pain becomes more than he can tolerate
- C. Taking analgesics around the clock on a regular schedule, using additional doses for breakthrough pain
- D. Resigning himself to the fact that pain is an inevitable consequence of cancer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fixed dosage schedules with adequate doses for pain relief provide more constant blood levels and predictable pain relief.
Men over age 50 should consider an annual ___ test and rectal examination.
Correct Answer: PSA (prostate-specific antigen)
Rationale: Men over age 50 should consult with their health care provider to consider the benefits of having a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination once a year.
The nurse expects which nursing intervention to be in the plan of care for a patient experiencing thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy to treat cancer?
- A. Take aspirin daily to promote blood flow.
- B. Avoid all sexual contact
- C. Use a soft toothbrush for mouth care
- D. Take antibiotics before elective surgery
- E. Apply direct pressure for 5 - 10 minutes if bleeding occurs
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: A person with a low platelet count is at risk for bleeding. The patient should use a soft toothbrush for mouth care and apply direct pressure for 5-10 minutes if bleeding occurs. Aspirin is contraindicated with thrombocytopenia. If the patient has sexual intercourse, gentleness and adequate lubrication should be used. The patient should not have any elective surgery. In addition, antibiotics will not be beneficial for a low platelet count.
A female patient, age 59, has lost 7 lb in the first 3 weeks of her chemotherapy and does not eat because nothing tastes good. The nurse expects to see which goal addressed in the plan of care?
- A. Patient will verbalize understanding of the need for increased nutrition.
- B. Patient will be free from nutrition related infections.
- C. Patient will maintain current weight.
- D. Patient will undergo psychiatric evaluation regarding anorexia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This patient needs to maintain current weight, and not lose further weight. Adequate nutrition is difficult if the patient loses 10 or more pounds (4,5 kg).