Nokea
The nurse is advising parents about feeding their infant with phenylketonuria. What formula and/or diet should the nurse suggest?
- A. Lifelong high-protein diet
- B. A formula that is low in the amino acid leucine
- C. A soy-based formula
- D. Substitute Lofenalac for some protein foods
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, substitute Lofenalac for some protein foods. In phenylketonuria (PKU), individuals lack the enzyme to break down phenylalanine found in protein. Lofenalac is a special formula with low phenylalanine content, suitable for PKU patients. Lifelong high-protein diet (A) is incorrect as it would worsen the condition. A formula low in leucine (B) is not specific to PKU. Soy-based formula (C) still contains high levels of phenylalanine.
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A client comes to an outpatient clinic for evaluation. What in the client's blood sample reveals that administration of the hepatitis B vaccine has been effective?
- A. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
- B. anti-HBs
- C. anti-HBc IgM
- D. anti-HBc
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: anti-HBs. This antibody indicates successful immunity after hepatitis B vaccination. It is produced in response to the vaccine and signifies protection against the virus. Choice A, HBsAg, is present in acute infection. Choices C and D, anti-HBc IgM and anti-HBc, indicate acute or chronic infection, not vaccine response.
Which pharmacological preparation is the least effective in relieving symptoms of dysmenorrhea?
- A. Ibuprofen
- B. Acetaminophen
- C. Oral contraceptive pills
- D. Naproxen sodium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is not an anti-inflammatory medication, unlike Ibuprofen and Naproxen sodium, which are more effective in reducing inflammation and pain associated with dysmenorrhea. Oral contraceptive pills (Choice C) can help regulate hormones to reduce menstrual cramps. Ibuprofen and Naproxen sodium (Choices A and D) are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that target prostaglandins, which play a role in causing menstrual cramps. Acetaminophen, being a mild pain reliever, lacks the anti-inflammatory properties needed to effectively alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms.
Which statement by the woman indicates that she does not understand the teaching provided about postmastectomy breast reconstruction home care?
- A. I will avoid trauma to my breasts.
- B. I will need to wear a tight bra immediately.
- C. I have to empty my drains every 8 hours.
- D. I must notify the doctor if I notice any skin ulceration or changes in breast color such as redness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because wearing a tight bra immediately after postmastectomy breast reconstruction is not recommended as it can restrict blood flow and cause discomfort. A is correct because avoiding trauma is important. C is correct because draining is necessary. D is correct because skin changes should be reported.
A client is being treated for gonorrhea. Which medication combination should the nurse expect to be prescribed?
- A. Ceftriaxone and azithromycin
- B. Penicillin and ceftriaxone
- C. Tetracycline and azithromycin
- D. Levofloxacin and azithromycin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Ceftriaxone is the first-line treatment for gonorrhea due to increasing resistance to other antibiotics. Azithromycin is often prescribed in combination to treat possible co-infection with chlamydia. Penicillin (B) is not effective against gonorrhea. Tetracycline (C) is not recommended due to resistance issues. Levofloxacin (D) is no longer recommended due to resistance concerns. The combination of ceftriaxone and azithromycin covers both gonorrhea and possible chlamydia co-infection effectively.
Which factors contribute to a woman’s perception of her body? Select all that apply.
- A. Role of motherhood
- B. Sexuality
- C. Relationships at work
- D. Family and social relationships
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sexuality. This factor contributes to a woman's perception of her body as it influences how she views herself in terms of attractiveness, desirability, and self-image. Sexuality plays a significant role in shaping body image and self-esteem.
A: Role of motherhood - While motherhood can impact body image, it is not a universal factor for all women.
C: Relationships at work - While work relationships can influence self-esteem, they may not directly impact body perception.
D: Family and social relationships - While important, they may not directly relate to body perception as much as sexuality does.
In summary, sexuality plays a crucial role in shaping a woman's perception of her body compared to the other factors listed.