Nokea
The nurse is analyzing the pedigree shown below. How should the nurse interpret the genotype of the individual in location II-4?
- A. Affected male.
- B. Unaffected female.
- C. Stillborn child.
- D. Child of unknown sex.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symbol indicates an affected male.
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A woman asks the nurse, 'My nuchal fold scan results were abnormal. What does that mean?' Which of the following comments is appropriate for the nurse to make at this time?
- A. I am sorry to tell you that your baby will be born with a serious deformity.
- B. The results show that your child will have cri du chat syndrome.
- C. The test is done to see if you are high risk for preterm labor.
- D. An abnormal test indicates that your baby may have Down syndrome.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Abnormal nuchal fold scans can indicate chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome.
A couple undergoing IVF asks about the role of progesterone injections post-transfer. What is the nurse's best explanation?
- A. Progesterone supports the uterine lining to help maintain a pregnancy.
- B. Progesterone improves egg quality during IVF cycles.
- C. Progesterone prevents the formation of ovarian cysts.
- D. Progesterone reduces the chances of multiple pregnancies.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Progesterone supports the uterine lining to help maintain a pregnancy post-transfer. Progesterone is crucial in preparing the uterine lining for embryo implantation and supporting early pregnancy. It helps thicken the endometrium, creating a hospitable environment for the embryo to implant and grow. Choice B is incorrect as progesterone does not directly improve egg quality. Choice C is incorrect as progesterone does not prevent ovarian cyst formation. Choice D is incorrect as progesterone does not reduce the chances of multiple pregnancies; in fact, it may slightly increase the risk of multiples in IVF.
A couple is seeking infertility counseling. The practitioner has identified the factors listed below in the woman's health history. Which of these findings may be contributing to the couple's infertility?
- A. The client is 36 years old.
- B. The client was 13 years old when she started to menstruate.
- C. The client works as a dental hygienist 3 days a week.
- D. The client jogs 2 miles every day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Advanced maternal age is a significant factor in reduced fertility.
What is the purpose of ovarian reserve testing in fertility assessments?
- A. To predict the likelihood of multiple pregnancies.
- B. To estimate the quantity and quality of a woman's remaining eggs.
- C. To assess uterine health and readiness for implantation.
- D. To monitor hormone levels during pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The purpose of ovarian reserve testing in fertility assessments is to estimate the quantity and quality of a woman's remaining eggs. This is crucial in determining a woman's fertility potential and likelihood of success with fertility treatments. By assessing ovarian reserve, healthcare providers can gauge how many eggs a woman has left and how well they are likely to respond to fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). This information is essential for personalized fertility planning. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the main purpose of ovarian reserve testing, which is specifically focused on evaluating a woman's egg quantity and quality.
The procedure in which ova are removed by laparoscopy, mixed with sperm, and the embryo(s) returned to the woman's uterus is
- A. in vitro fertilization (IVF).
- B. tubal embryo transfer (TET).
- C. therapeutic insemination (IUI).
- D. gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: in vitro fertilization (IVF). In IVF, ova are retrieved via laparoscopy, fertilized with sperm in a lab dish, and then the resulting embryo(s) are transferred back to the woman's uterus. This process allows for fertilization to occur outside the body.
Incorrect choices:
B: Tubal embryo transfer (TET) involves transferring embryos directly into the fallopian tubes, not the uterus.
C: Therapeutic insemination (IUI) is the process of injecting sperm directly into the uterus, not involving the removal and fertilization of ova.
D: Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) involves transferring both eggs and sperm into the fallopian tubes for fertilization to occur internally, not in a lab dish.