Nokea
The nurse is assessing a client for reproductive health problems. What would be the priority assessments? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Bleeding
- B. Pain
- C. Sexual orientation
- D. Masses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bleeding. Bleeding is a priority assessment because it can indicate serious reproductive health issues such as ectopic pregnancy or cervical cancer. Pain and masses are important assessments, but bleeding takes precedence due to its potential urgency. Sexual orientation is not a priority assessment for reproductive health problems as it does not directly impact the client's immediate physical health.
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When do progesterone levels rise to their highest point during the female hormonal cycle?
- A. Between ovulation and the beginning of menstruation
- B. Immediately before ovulation
- C. When the blood concentration of luteinizing hormone is at its highest point
- D. When 12 primary follicles are developing to the antral stage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Progesterone levels rise to their highest point between ovulation and the beginning of menstruation because this is the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle when the corpus luteum (formed from the ruptured follicle after ovulation) secretes progesterone. This hormone prepares the endometrium for implantation and maintains a potential pregnancy.
Explanation for other choices:
- B: Immediately before ovulation, estrogen levels are high, not progesterone.
- C: Luteinizing hormone surge triggers ovulation, not directly related to progesterone rise.
- D: The development of primary follicles is associated with estrogen, not progesterone.
Which blood vessel in the fetus has the highest Po2?
- A. Ductus arteriosus
- B. Ductus venosus
- C. Ascending aorta
- D. Left atrium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ductus venosus. The ductus venosus carries oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver. This blood has the highest Po2 among the choices because it is coming directly from the placenta, where oxygen exchange occurs. The other choices (A, C, D) carry deoxygenated blood or blood with lower oxygen content in the fetal circulation. The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, so it carries deoxygenated blood. The ascending aorta and left atrium receive mixed oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, not the highest Po2.
The term __________ describes an inflammation of the cervix that is usually caused by an infection.
- A. cervicitis
- B. vaginitis
- C. cercicopathy
- D. vaginoplasty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: cervicitis. Cervicitis specifically refers to inflammation of the cervix, often due to an infection. Vaginitis (B) is inflammation of the vagina, not the cervix. Cercicopathy (C) is not a medical term. Vaginoplasty (D) is a surgical procedure to reconstruct or tighten the vagina, unrelated to inflammation or infection of the cervix.
When developing the plan of care for a home health client who has been discharged after a radical prostatectomy, which activities will you delegate to the home health aide?
- A. Monitor the client for symptoms of urinary tract infection.
- B. Help the client to connect the catheter to the leg bag.
- C. Assess the client's incision for appropriate wound healing.
- D. Assist the client to ambulate for increasing distances.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assisting with mobility is within the scope of practice for a home health aide.
Which of the following statements relating to lactation is incorrect.
- A. plasma prolactin releasing factor stimulates the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
- B. mechanical stimulation and neural inputs stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin.
- C. plasma oxytocin stimulates the contraction of breast glands causing milk ejection.
- D. progesterone helps prepare the mammary glands for lactation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because mechanical stimulation and neural inputs do not directly stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin. The release of prolactin is primarily controlled by the hypothalamus through the release of prolactin inhibitory hormone (dopamine) and prolactin releasing hormone. Oxytocin release is controlled by the hypothalamus in response to suckling. Choices A, C, and D are all correct statements about lactation. Plasma prolactin releasing factor (prolactin releasing hormone) does stimulate the release of prolactin, plasma oxytocin does stimulate milk ejection, and progesterone does prepare the mammary glands for lactation.