Pediatrics Baby Fell off Bed Questions

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The nurse is aware that the following laboratory values support a diagnosis of pyelonephritis?

  • A. Myoglobinuria
  • B. Ketonuria
  • C. Pyuria
  • D. Low white blood cell (WBC) count
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidney. One of the key indicators of pyelonephritis is the presence of pyuria, which refers to white blood cells in the urine. White blood cells in the urine suggest inflammation and infection in the urinary tract, particularly in the kidneys. Therefore, the presence of pyuria supports a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Myoglobinuria (choice A) is the presence of myoglobin in the urine and is associated with muscle breakdown, not specifically with pyelonephritis. Ketonuria (choice B) refers to the presence of ketones in the urine and may be seen in conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis. A low white blood cell count (choice D) is not typically associated with pyelonephritis, as an infection would generally result in an elevated white blood cell count in response to the infection.

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Which laboratory study is monitored for the patient receiving heparin therapy?

  • A. INR
  • B. PTT
  • C. PT
  • D. Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The laboratory study monitored for a patient receiving heparin therapy is the Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting clot formation. PTT measures the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, which is affected by heparin administration. Monitoring the PTT helps ensure that the patient's blood is at the appropriate level of anticoagulation and reduces the risk of bleeding or clot formation.

The difficulty in putting words together, limited vocabulary, or inability to use language in a socially appropriate way is defined as a disorder of

  • A. fluency
  • B. reception
  • C. expression
  • D. resonance
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Expression disorders involve difficulties in putting words together or using language appropriately.

A 9-year-old boy develops acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) one year after completion of therapy for soft tissue sarcoma at his right thigh. Which of the following chemotherapeutic agents is MOST likely the cause of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia AML in this boy?

  • A. cyclophosphamide
  • B. vincristine
  • C. etoposide
  • D. doxorubicin
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Etoposide is known to be associated with secondary AML due to its potential to induce chromosomal abnormalities.

The nurse has been caring for a newborn who just died. The parents are present but say they are "afraid" to hold the dead newborn. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

  • A. Tell them there is nothing to fear.
  • B. Insist that they hold newborn "one last time."
  • C. Respect their wishes and release body to morgue.
  • D. Keep newborn's body available for a few hours in case they change their minds.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation is to keep the newborn's body available for a few hours in case the parents change their minds. It is important to respect the parents' feelings and fears while also providing them with the opportunity to hold their child if they decide to do so later on. By keeping the newborn's body available, the parents can have the time and space they need to process their emotions and make a decision that feels right for them. This approach supports the parents' autonomy and allows them to grieve in a way that is meaningful to them.

What is the best way to detect testicular cancer early?

  • A. Monthly testicular self-examination
  • B. Annual physician examination
  • C. Yearly digital rectal examination
  • D. Annual ultrasonography
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Testicular self-examination is the best way to detect testicular cancer early. It involves checking the size, shape, and consistency of the testicles to identify any changes or abnormalities. By performing monthly self-exams, men become familiar with the normal feel and appearance of their testicles, making it easier to notice any unusual lumps or swelling that could indicate the presence of cancer. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment of testicular cancer, which is why regular self-exams are recommended, especially for men at higher risk, such as those with a family history of the disease or prior testicular cancer. Annual physician examinations and ultrasounds can also help in detecting testicular cancer, but self-exams are a simple and effective way for men to take an active role in their health and potentially detect any issues early on.

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