Nokea
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with botulism. Which medication classification does the nurse anticipate?
- A. An antibiotic
- B. An anti-inflammatory
- C. Antipyretics
- D. Antitoxins
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Botulism is treated with antitoxins to neutralize the botulinum toxin. Antibiotics are not effective against botulism, as it is caused by a toxin, not a bacterial infection. Anti-inflammatories and antipyretics are not indicated for botulism treatment.
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The nurse caring for victims of a volcano eruption knows that this disaster is categorized as a natural disaster. What is the other category of disaster?
- A. Man-made
- B. Artificial
- C. Earthly
- D. Human
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: There are essentially two types of disasters: (1) natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes; and (2) human disasters that may be intentionally or unintentionally caused such as explosions, fires, and acts of terrorism. 'Man-made', 'artificial', and 'earthly' are not accurate or specific categories of disasters.
The nursing supervisor has been notified of a large industrial fire with multiple injuries started with an electric short. When notifying the nursing peers, the nurse would classify this as which type of disaster?
- A. A natural disaster
- B. A human disaster, intentionally caused
- C. A human disaster, unintentionally caused
- D. Not classified as a disaster
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A fire of an electrical cause is classified as a human disaster of an unintentional cause. A natural disaster is an earthquake or flood that is caused by nature with no human influence. A human disaster, intentionally caused is when a fire occurs, and a person intentionally starts the fire. Because a large industrial fire has injured people, it is classified as a disaster.
The nurse is caring for a client with internal radiologic contamination from the fallout. The client states, 'I need to get this out of me, and then I will be done with it.' The nurse is most correct to reply which of the following?
- A. Yes, we need to assure that we clean any debris from your wound which may be contaminated.'
- B. Yes, but you may have lingering effects from the exposure to your body.'
- C. Yes, but you must also consider further exposure from contaminated food and water sources.'
- D. Yes, we need to continue to document your recovery process and further disease processes.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Internal radiologic contamination occurs from exposure to fallout on the skin, in a wound, inhaled, or consumed through food and water. It is the nurse's responsibility to advise the client if further harm may occur and ways to decrease the risk.
The emergency department nurse is working triage during a disaster. Why should the nurse tag a victim after assessment in a disaster situation?
- A. To know the victim's name
- B. To record any client allergies
- C. Someone else does not duplicate the assessment
- D. To record pre-disaster medical history
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The tag is an indication that the victim has been assessed by a nurse. This ensures that the nurse or another medical person does not spend time assessing the same person twice. The tag does not contain information such as allergies or pre-disaster medical history; the person's name may not be readily available in a disaster.
The nurse is orienting to the emergency department and finds cases of potassium iodide tablets located in the supply closet. The nurse asks the nurse manager, 'What is the purpose of this agent?' What is the nurse manager's best response?
- A. Potassium iodide is given to individuals who come to the emergency department dehydrated to replenish their potassium level.'
- B. Potassium iodide is given to individuals diagnosed with hypothyroidism in the emergency department.'
- C. Potassium iodide is given to individuals as a prophylaxis for protecting the thyroid gland from absorption of radiation in case of an accident at the local nuclear plant.'
- D. Potassium iodide is given to individuals who are given furosemide intravenously in the emergency department to replenish their potassium level.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse manager's best response is, 'Potassium iodide is given to individuals as a prophylaxis for protecting the thyroid gland from absorption of radiation in case of an accident at the local nuclear plant,' because this best describes the rationale for keeping the medication on hand. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) currently requires states with a population within 10 miles of a commercial nuclear plant to have immediate access to a supply of potassium iodide (KI) tablets.