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The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with herpes zoster. Which statement by the client needs further clarification by the nurse?
- A. Even though this is from a childhood disease, I am still contagious.
- B. Herpes zoster is caused by a viral infection.
- C. Herpes zoster is a reactivation of the varicella virus.
- D. Once I get the infection, I cannot get it again.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to clarify that even though the client has herpes zoster, the client can get herpes zoster again. The virus is contagious and can reoccur. All of the other options are accurate statements that demonstrate the client's understanding.
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A client enters the walk-in clinic stating that there is an itchy, red, warm, raised rash on the left forearm. The nurse documents when the rash developed and what the client was doing when it appeared. Allergic dermatitis is diagnosed. Which instruction is most important to prevent further problems?
- A. Instruct on the use of topical ointment.
- B. Advise against scratching the rash.
- C. Instruct on eliminating further allergen exposure.
- D. Instruct on washing the skin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important to instruct on the use of topical ointment, if prescribed, and to keep the area clean and dry. It is also important to advise against scratching the rash. By scratching the itchy rash, the client can open the skin and develop an infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common skin infection. To prevent further problems, the client must avoid further exposure to the allergen.
The school nurse is instructing a group of high school students on the considerations with tattooing and body piercing. Which instruction(s) would be included in the discussion? Select all that apply.
- A. Cosmetic pigment is approved by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
- B. All tattoo artists are licensed by the government.
- C. Infection is a potential complication of tattoos and piercings.
- D. Hepatitis A, a blood-borne infection, is a potential problem.
- E. Tattoo is injected into the dermal layer of the skin.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Tattoo ink is approved by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; however, none are approved for injection into the skin. Some, but not all, tattoo artists are members of the Alliance for Professional Tattooists. Infection is a concern with both tattoos and piercings. Tattoo ink is injected into the dermal layer of the skin. Hepatitis B and C can be transmitted as a blood-borne infectious disease.
The nurse is working at a podiatrist's office. Which assessment finding is characteristic to the acquisition of onychomycosis in women?
- A. Clipping nails too closely
- B. Soaking hands in detergent
- C. Wearing artificial nails.
- D. Filing nails even with the fingers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client that onychomycosis is frequently found in the fingernails of women wearing artificial nails. Unsanitary cleansing of nail-application utensils between customers in salons seems to be the mode of transmission. Clipping nails too closely can cause discomfort. Soaking hands in detergent and filing nails even with the fingers do not cause onychomycosis.
The nurse is instructing the client on the correct toenail trimming technique when having onychocryptosis. Which instruction made by the nurse is best?
- A. Use scissors and trim the toenails in a semicircle.
- B. Use nail clippers and round the corners on the end.
- C. Tear the nail across, allowing the nail to be removed.
- D. Use nail clippers allowing the ends of the nails to be longer than the toes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse is correct to instruct the client that proper nail trimming for a client with onychocryptosis is to use a nail clipper and allow the ends of the nail to be longer than the end of the toes. The ends of the nails should not be rounded off. The other options are not best for the ingrown toenail condition.
The nurse is assessing a client with onychocryptosis. Which of the following is evident if the tissue is infected?
- A. Pressure
- B. Redness and swelling
- C. Pain
- D. Purulent drainage and an odor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Purulent leakage and an odor are evident if the tissue is infected. A client with onychocryptosis feels a local pressure from the abnormal nail growth, but this is not a sign of the tissue being infected. Redness, swelling, and pain occur where the nail pierces the adjacent tissue.