Nokea
The nurse is discussing risk factors for endometriosis with a new nurse. Which client would the nurse identify as being at the highest risk for developing endometriosis?
- A. One who smokes one pack per day
- B. One who states her menstrual cycles are irregular
- C. One who states her mother had endometriosis
- D. One who had a previous cesarean section
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because genetics play a significant role in the development of endometriosis. If a client's mother had endometriosis, there is an increased likelihood of her developing the condition. This is due to shared genetic factors that may predispose individuals to endometriosis. Smoking (choice A) is a risk factor for many health conditions but not specifically for endometriosis. Irregular menstrual cycles (choice B) may be a symptom of endometriosis but do not directly increase the risk of developing it. Having a previous cesarean section (choice D) is not a known risk factor for endometriosis.
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The nurse is meeting with a client who was newly diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome. She knows that the client has the potential for which diagnoses? Select all that apply.
- A. Knowledge deficit
- B. Disturbed body image
- C. Risk for type 2 diabetes
- D. Impaired mobility
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Impaired mobility. This is because polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can lead to obesity and insulin resistance, which in turn can increase the risk of impaired mobility due to joint pain, reduced muscle strength, and overall decreased physical activity. The other choices are incorrect because A (Knowledge deficit) can be addressed through education, B (Disturbed body image) is more related to self-esteem and body perception issues, and C (Risk for type 2 diabetes) is a potential consequence of PCOS but not directly related to impaired mobility.
A client who has been diagnosed with HIV develops an oral candida infection. When teaching the client, which instructions will the health care provider include?
- A. Rinse your mouth often with a commercial mouthwash.
- B. Include plenty of citrus juices in your diet.
- C. Select foods that are soft or pureed.
- D. Include hot soups and beverages with each meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Select foods that are soft or pureed. This is because soft or pureed foods are easier to swallow and less likely to irritate the oral mucosa affected by the candida infection. Rinsing with a commercial mouthwash (choice A) may temporarily relieve symptoms but won't address the root cause. Citrus juices (choice B) can be irritating to the oral mucosa. Hot soups and beverages (choice D) can worsen the discomfort in the mouth. Overall, choosing soft or pureed foods will help alleviate discomfort and promote healing.
A client with a history of herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) infection asks the nurse about future sexual activity. Which response is most appropriate?
- A. If the infection has healed, you do not have to use a condom.
- B. Refrain from all sexual activity.
- C. Use a condom during sexual activity only if the infection becomes active again.
- D. Inform all potential sexual partners about the infection, even if it is inactive.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Informing all potential sexual partners about the HSV-2 infection, even if inactive, is crucial to ensure transparency and promote informed decision-making.
2. HSV-2 can be transmitted even when symptoms are not present, so partners need to be aware of the risk.
3. This approach demonstrates respect for the partners' autonomy and enables them to make choices regarding their own health.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Using a condom is important even when the infection is inactive to prevent transmission.
B: Incorrect. Refraining from all sexual activity may not be necessary if proper precautions are taken.
C: Incorrect. Using a condom only when the infection is active does not fully address the risk of transmission during asymptomatic periods.
The nurse taught a class on HPV and cervical cancer. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. Most HPV infections resolve on their own within 1 to 2 years.
- B. I can get the HPV vaccination to prevent the most common types of HPV that could cause cervical cancer.
- C. Genital warts cause cervical cancer.
- D. A persistent infection of HPV type 16 or 18 can lead to cervical cancer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Genital warts cause cervical cancer.
Rationale:
1. Genital warts are caused by certain types of HPV, not cervical cancer.
2. Most HPV infections do resolve on their own, making choice A correct.
3. HPV vaccination can prevent common types of HPV that cause cervical cancer, supporting choice B.
4. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types, like 16 or 18, can lead to cervical cancer, aligning with choice D.
Summary:
Option C is incorrect because it inaccurately states that genital warts cause cervical cancer. The other choices are correct in their statements regarding HPV infections, vaccination, and the relationship between specific HPV types and cervical cancer.
A 58-year-old woman tells the nurse that she has started to experience pain during intercourse. The nurse should document that this woman is experiencing which of the following?
- A. Dyspnea
- B. Dyspareunia
- C. Dyspepsia
- D. Dysmenorrhea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dyspareunia. Dyspareunia refers to pain during or after sexual intercourse. In this case, the woman is experiencing pain during intercourse, which aligns with the definition of dyspareunia. Dyspnea (A) is difficulty breathing, dyspepsia (C) is indigestion, and dysmenorrhea (D) is painful menstruation, none of which are related to pain during intercourse.