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A patient asks about the effects of environmental toxins on fertility. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Environmental toxins have no impact on fertility outcomes.
- B. Exposure to toxins can harm egg and sperm quality, reducing fertility.
- C. Toxins only affect fertility in individuals over 40.
- D. Avoiding toxins guarantees immediate conception.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because exposure to environmental toxins can indeed harm egg and sperm quality, leading to reduced fertility. Toxins can disrupt hormone balance, affect reproductive organs, and damage genetic material in eggs and sperm. This can result in difficulty conceiving or increased risk of miscarriage. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A is inaccurate as environmental toxins can impact fertility outcomes. C is incorrect as toxins can affect fertility at any age. D is misleading as avoiding toxins does not guarantee immediate conception, as fertility is influenced by various factors.
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A pregnant woman comes to the labor and birth unit in labor. The woman tells the nurse, Yesterday, I had this burst of energy and cleaned everything in sight, but I don't know why. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. You had a burst of epinephrine, which is common before labor.
- B. You were trying to get everything ready for your baby.
- C. You felt your mind telling you that you were about to go into labor.
- D. You were looking forward to the birth of your baby.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a sudden increase in energy before labor is common due to an increase in epinephrine release. This burst of energy is unrelated to getting everything ready or looking forward to the birth of the baby. It is a physiological response that occurs before labor onset.
Which lifestyle change should the nurse suggest to improve fertility for both partners?
- A. Increase protein intake significantly.
- B. Exercise rigorously every day.
- C. Maintain a balanced diet and healthy weight.
- D. Reduce water consumption to avoid bloating.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintain a balanced diet and healthy weight. This suggestion is crucial for improving fertility as it promotes overall health, hormonal balance, and reproductive function in both partners. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients for reproductive health, while maintaining a healthy weight reduces the risk of infertility related to obesity or underweight. Option A is incorrect as excessive protein intake can negatively impact fertility. Option B is incorrect as excessive rigorous exercise may disrupt hormonal balance and affect fertility. Option D is incorrect as proper hydration is essential for reproductive health and reducing water consumption is not recommended for fertility improvement.
An infertility specialist is evaluating whether a woman's cervical mucus contains enough estrogen to support sperm motility. Which of the following tests is the physician conducting?
- A. Ferning capacity.
- B. Basal body temperature.
- C. Culposcopy.
- D. Hysterotomy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ferning capacity evaluates the presence of fern-like patterns in cervical mucus, indicating sufficient estrogen.
A patient asks about the purpose of progesterone injections after embryo transfer. What should the nurse explain?
- A. They increase the number of eggs released in future cycles.
- B. They support the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy maintenance.
- C. They prevent ovarian cyst formation during fertility treatment.
- D. They reduce pregnancy symptoms such as nausea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone injections support the uterine lining for implantation and pregnancy maintenance. Progesterone is essential for preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining a pregnancy. After embryo transfer, progesterone helps thicken the uterine lining, making it more receptive to the embryo for successful implantation. Other choices are incorrect: A is incorrect because progesterone does not affect the number of eggs released in future cycles; C is incorrect because progesterone does not prevent ovarian cyst formation; D is incorrect because while progesterone can help alleviate some pregnancy symptoms, its primary role is in supporting the uterine lining for pregnancy.
What is the significance of timing in intrauterine insemination (IUI)?
- A. IUI is effective regardless of ovulation timing.
- B. IUI must be timed closely with ovulation for optimal success.
- C. IUI should only be done after the implantation window opens.
- D. Timing is irrelevant as long as sperm quality is high.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because timing is crucial in IUI to increase the chance of fertilization. Intrauterine insemination must be done close to ovulation to ensure that the sperm meets the egg for successful conception. Timing is essential to maximize the chances of successful fertilization.
Choice A is incorrect because timing is indeed important for the success of IUI. Choice C is incorrect because the implantation window is not related to the timing of IUI. Choice D is incorrect because high sperm quality alone is not sufficient for successful IUI; timing is a critical factor in achieving pregnancy through IUI.