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The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving long-term oxygen therapy at home. What should the nurse include in the client's teaching regarding oxygen safety?
- A. Ensure you have a fire extinguisher readily available
- B. Keep the oxygen tubing loose to prevent tangling
- C. Avoid using electric heating devices in your home
- D. Use an oxygen concentrator for outdoor activities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding electric heating devices (C) is critical in COPD oxygen therapy teaching, as oxygen accelerates combustion, posing a fire risk. Fire extinguisher (A) is supplementary. Loose tubing (B) risks disruption. Concentrator use (D) depends on need. Safety education, per home care standards, prioritizes fire prevention.
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This is the best patient care model when there are many nurses but few patients.
- A. Functional nursing
- B. Team nursing
- C. Primary nursing
- D. Total patient care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Total patient care excels with many nurses and few patients, allowing each nurse to fully address one client's needs e.g., bathing, meds, education. Functional nursing assigns tasks (e.g., one nurse for vitals), team nursing divides labor, and primary nursing focuses continuity, but ample staffing makes total care ideal. For instance, a nurse can devote time to a single ICU patient, optimizing outcomes. This model leverages resources for intensive, individualized attention, enhancing care quality in such scenarios.
A staff nurse who is promoted to assistant nurse manager may feel uncomfortable initially when supervising her former peers. She can best decrease this discomfort by:
- A. Writing down all assignments
- B. Making changes after evaluating the situation and having discussions with the staff
- C. Telling the staff nurses that she is making changes to benefit their performance
- D. Evaluating the clinical performance of each staff nurse in a private conference
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluating and discussing changes eases transition and builds trust.
All of the following are purpose of inflammation except
- A. Increase heat, thereby produce abatement of phagocytosis
- B. Localized tissue injury by increasing capillary permeability
- C. Protect the issue from injury by producing pain
- D. Prepare for tissue repair
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inflammation aims to protect and heal tissue, not hinder it. Increasing heat (A) enhances phagocytosis by boosting immune cell activity, not abating it, making this statement incorrect and the exception. Localized injury response (B) occurs as capillary permeability increases, delivering immune cells to the site. Pain (C) protects by discouraging movement, aiding healing. Preparing for tissue repair (D) is a key goal as inflammation clears debris and initiates recovery. The misstatement in A reverses the biological role of heat, which supports immune function rather than suppressing it, confirming A as the answer since it does not align with inflammation's purposes.
The nurse returned to check Mr. Gary as promised. This is an example of?
- A. Fidelity
- B. Veracity
- C. Justice
- D. Beneficence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Returning as promised is fidelity (A) keeping commitments, per ethics. Veracity (B) is truth, justice (C) fairness, beneficence (D) good not promise-specific. A reflects the nurse's reliability, fostering trust with Mr. Gary, aligning with fidelity's ethical role in nursing, making it correct.
The nurse enters the room to give a prescribed medication but the patient is inside the bathroom. What should the nurse do?
- A. Leave the medication at the bedside and leave the room.
- B. After a few minutes, return to that patient's room and do not leave until the patient takes the medication.
- C. Instruct the patient to take the medication and leave it at the bedside.
- D. Wait for the patient to return to bed and just leave the medication at the bedside.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Returning after a few minutes and staying until the patient takes the medication ensures safe administration, adhering to the 'Five Rights' right patient, drug, dose, route, and time. The nurse verifies ingestion, preventing errors like missed doses or misuse, and documents accurately. Leaving medication unattended risks it being lost, taken incorrectly, or accessed by others, violating safety protocols. Instructing without supervision assumes compliance but lacks confirmation, potentially falsifying records if the dose isn't taken. Waiting briefly then leaving it bedside still neglects oversight. Returning and remaining present balances respect for the patient's privacy with accountability, ensuring the medication reaches its intended recipient at the prescribed time, critical for treatment efficacy and legal standards in nursing practice.