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The nurse is caring for a client with multiple sclerosis. What action does the nurse implement to increase venous return, prevent stiffness, and maintain muscle strength and endurance?
- A. Encourage the client to use ice therapy to alleviate muscle stiffness
- B. Administer interferon
- C. Administer corticosteroids
- D. Encourage the client to perform gentle stretching exercises daily
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Encourage the client to perform gentle stretching exercises daily. Stretching exercises help increase venous return by improving circulation, prevent stiffness by maintaining joint flexibility, and maintain muscle strength and endurance by promoting muscle health. Ice therapy (choice A) may temporarily alleviate stiffness but does not address venous return or muscle strength. Administering interferon (choice B) and corticosteroids (choice C) are medications used for managing symptoms but do not directly address the goals of increasing venous return or maintaining muscle strength.
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The nurse is creating an education plan for a client who has a recent diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan?
- A. Recommend the client engage in high-impact, vigorous exercises to improve muscle strength
- B. Teach the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation
- C. Advise the client to avoid social interactions to minimize stress
- D. Encourage the client to void every hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation. This intervention is appropriate for a client with MS as stress can exacerbate symptoms. Deep breathing and meditation are proven techniques to reduce stress levels, promote relaxation, and improve overall well-being. By incorporating stress management techniques into the education plan, the nurse can help the client cope better with the emotional and physical challenges of living with MS.
Choice A is incorrect because high-impact, vigorous exercises can actually worsen symptoms and fatigue in clients with MS. Choice C is incorrect as social interactions can provide emotional support and should not be avoided. Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific indication for encouraging the client to void every hour in the context of MS.
A charge nurse is making a room assignment for a client who has scabies. In which of the following rooms should the nurse place the client?
- A. A negative-pressure isolation room
- B. A private room
- C. A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis
- D. A positive-pressure isolation room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A private room. This is because scabies is transmitted through close skin-to-skin contact, so placing the client in a private room will help prevent the spread of the infestation to others. A negative-pressure isolation room (choice A) is used for airborne infections, not for scabies. Placing the client in a semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis (lice) (choice C) increases the risk of cross-infection. Positive-pressure isolation rooms (choice D) are used to protect immunocompromised clients from airborne pathogens.
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is starting to display bradykinesia. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
- A. Place the client on a low-protein, low-calorie diet
- B. Teach the client to walk more quickly when ambulating
- C. Complete passive range-of-motion exercises daily
- D. Give the patient extra time to perform activities
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give the patient extra time to perform activities. Bradykinesia is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease characterized by slow movement. By giving the patient extra time to perform activities, the nurse can accommodate the decreased speed of movement associated with bradykinesia, promoting independence and preventing frustration. Placing the client on a low-protein, low-calorie diet (A) is not relevant to addressing bradykinesia. Teaching the client to walk more quickly (B) may not be feasible due to the physical limitations caused by the condition. Completing passive range-of-motion exercises daily (C) may be beneficial for maintaining mobility but does not directly address bradykinesia. Giving the patient extra time to perform activities (D) is the most appropriate action as it supports the client's autonomy and helps manage the symptom effectively.
A nurse is conducting triage of clients transported from a mass casualty incident (MCI). A client arrives saturated with an unknown substance and medical transport reports feeling dizzy. The nurse should prioritize which actions? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Assign the client to a private room
- B. Remove client and transport crew from the Emergency department
- C. Contact decontamination team
- D. Call the scene to identify the chemical
- E. Immediately remove the saturated clothing from the client
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale:
1. Option B - Removing the client and transport crew from the Emergency department is crucial to prevent potential contamination of others and ensure safety.
2. Option C - Contacting the decontamination team is essential to properly manage and decontaminate the client and the area.
3. Option E - Removing the saturated clothing from the client immediately helps eliminate further exposure and contamination risks.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Assign the client to a private room - This is not the priority as immediate decontamination and safety measures are needed.
D: Call the scene to identify the chemical - Identifying the substance is important but not the priority when the client's safety is at risk.
An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Organize an influenza immunization campaign
- B. Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques
- D. Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder that can be prevented or mitigated through early identification and intervention. By educating workers about the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse can facilitate early detection and prompt treatment, thus serving as a secondary prevention strategy. This proactive approach can help prevent the progression of the condition and reduce the impact on workers' health and productivity.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Organizing an influenza immunization campaign is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the occurrence of influenza rather than identifying and managing existing health issues.
C: Teaching proper lifting techniques is a primary prevention strategy to prevent musculoskeletal injuries rather than identifying and managing existing conditions.
D: Collaborating with a physical therapist to develop return-to-work programs is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on rehabilitation and reintegration rather than early identification of health issues.