Concept of Family Health Care

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The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. For which opportunistic lung infection caused by a fungus should the nurse monitor in this patient?

  • A. Tuberculosis
  • B. Cytomegalovirus
  • C. Candida albicans
  • D. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Patients with AIDS are at high risk for opportunistic infections, particularly Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia due to their compromised immune system. This infection is a common cause of respiratory issues in AIDS patients. Monitoring for this specific infection is crucial for early detection and treatment.

A: Tuberculosis is also a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients, but the question specifically mentions a lung infection caused by a fungus, ruling out tuberculosis.

B: Cytomegalovirus is a viral infection, not caused by a fungus, hence it is not the correct answer.

C: Candida albicans is a fungal infection, but it typically affects mucous membranes like the mouth and throat, not the lungs as specified in the question.

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A nurse with a history of narcotic dependence is found unconscious in the hospital locker room after overdosing. The nurse is transferred to the inpatient chemical dependence unit for care. Which attitudes or behaviors by nursing staff may be enabling?

  • A. Conveying understanding that pressures associated with nursing practice underlie substance use.
  • B. Pointing out that work problems are the result, but not the cause, of substance dependence.
  • C. Conveying empathy when the nurse discusses fears of disciplinary action by the state board of nursing.
  • D. Providing health teaching about stress management.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because conveying understanding that pressures associated with nursing practice underlie substance use may enable the nurse's behavior by justifying or excusing the substance dependence. This attitude may inadvertently support the nurse's addiction by overlooking the need for accountability and treatment.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because:

B: Pointing out that work problems are the result, but not the cause, of substance dependence does not enable the behavior. It acknowledges the issue without excusing or enabling it.

C: Conveying empathy when the nurse discusses fears of disciplinary action by the state board of nursing is not enabling behavior. It shows support and understanding without condoning the substance misuse.

D: Providing health teaching about stress management is not enabling behavior. It focuses on addressing the underlying issues rather than enabling or excusing the substance dependence.

The best way to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of an individual staff member's time management skills in a longitudinal manner is to:

  • A. Observe the staff member during an entire shift of duty to determine whether or not the nurse has accurately and appropriately established priorities.
  • B. Observe the staff member during an entire shift of duty to determine whether or not the nurse has accurately and appropriately completed priority tasks.
  • C. Ask the staff member how they feel like they have been able to employ their time management skills for the last six months.
  • D. Collect outcome data over time and then aggregate and analyze this data to determine whether or not the staff member has completed reasonable assignments in the allotted time before the end of their shift of duty.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Longitudinal evaluation requires data collection and analysis over time.

----testing to check a child's reasoning skills, reactions to different situations, and thinking. It does not test general knowledge:

  • A. Psychological
  • B. Psychometric
  • C. Psychographic
  • D. Physiological
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Psychometric testing assesses reasoning and cognitive skills, not general knowledge.

nnitus describe a decrease in

  • A. Mental Retardation
  • B. Epilepsy
  • C. Hearing
  • D. Vision
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tinnitus is a perception of noise (e.g., ringing) in the ears, linked to hearing issues.

Name three common tricyclic antidepressants.

  • A. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
  • B. Imipramine (Tofranil)
  • C. Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
  • D. Palpitations
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Identify tricyclic antidepressants as a class of medications.
Step 2: Recognize Amitriptyline, Imipramine, and Nortriptyline as commonly prescribed tricyclic antidepressants.
Step 3: Eliminate "Palpitations" as it is not a tricyclic antidepressant.
Step 4: Choose Amitriptyline (Elavil) as the correct answer due to its classification as a tricyclic antidepressant and common use in clinical practice.

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