Essential of Pediatric Nursing Test Bank

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The nurse is caring for an adolescent who had an external fixator placed after suffering a fracture of the wrist during a bicycle accident. Which statement by the adolescent should be expected about separation anxiety?

  • A. "I wish my parents could spend the night with me while I am in the hospital."
  • B. "I think I would like for my siblings to visit me but not my friends."
  • C. "I hope my friends don't forget about visiting me."
  • D. "I will be embarrassed if my friends come to the hospital to visit."
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Separation anxiety is a common response in adolescents who have had to be separated from their family and friends due to hospitalization or medical treatment. In this situation, the adolescent expressing a desire for their parents to spend the night with them in the hospital is indicative of separation anxiety. They may feel comforted and secure by having their parents close by during this challenging time. The other statements do not directly reflect separation anxiety but rather focus on preferences for visitors and concerns about embarrassment.

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By which age should the nurse expect an infant to be able to pull to a standing position?

  • A. 6 months
  • B. 8 months
  • C. 11 to 12 months
  • D. 14 to 15 months
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: By the age of 8 months, most infants are able to pull themselves up to a standing position by holding onto furniture or other support. This milestone signifies the development of leg strength and coordination required for standing. While some infants may achieve this skill earlier or later, on average, 8 months is a common age for this milestone to be reached.

In fetal period, all are true EXCEPT

  • A. 10 weeks - midgut returns to abdomen
  • B. 12 weeks - external genitalia formed
  • C. 24 weeks - surfactant production begun
  • D. 26 weeks - face clearly recognizable
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Face recognition typically occurs earlier than 26 weeks.

A 5 months child is brought for routine care. During auscultation of heart you find a short systolic murmur at left upper sternal border with soft 2nd heart sound. The most likely diagnosis is?

  • A. Ventricular septal defect
  • B. Atrial septal defect
  • C. Patent ductus arteriosus
  • D. Pulmonary stenosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Atrial septal defect (ASD) often presents with a systolic ejection murmur at the left upper sternal border and a fixed split second heart sound.

Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities of childhood ALL carries the highest risk of relapse despite intensive chemotherapy?

  • A. t(9;22)
  • B. t(4;11)
  • C. hypodiploidy
  • D. t(1;19)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Philadelphia chromosome (t(9;22)) is associated with a high risk of relapse in ALL.

Which food choice contains the highest kilocalorie?

  • A. Apple
  • B. Chicken
  • C. Bacon
  • D. Bread
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bacon contains the highest kilocalories among the food choices provided. Bacon is high in fat, with approximately 42 kilocalories per slice (8 grams) compared to other options like an apple (52 kilocalories), chicken (231 kilocalories), and bread (79 kilocalories). The high fat content in bacon contributes to its higher caloric value compared to the other choices listed. As such, bacon is the food choice with the highest kilocalorie content in this selection.

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