Nokea
The nurse is discussing development and play activities with the parent of a 2-month-old boy. Which statement by the parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can give my baby a ball of yarn to pull apart or different textured fabrics to feel.
- B. I can use a music box and soft mobiles as appropriate play activities for my baby.
- C. I can use a cup and spoon or push-pull toys for my baby at this age.
- D. I do not have to worry about appropriate play activities at this age.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Music boxes and soft mobiles are appropriate play activities for a 2-month-old infant. A ball of yarn to pull apart or different textured fabrics are appropriate for an infant at 6 to 9 months. A cup and spoon or push-pull toys are appropriate for an older infant. Infants of all ages should be exposed to appropriate types of stimulation.
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An infant, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is what?
- A. Normal tooth eruption
- B. Delayed tooth eruption
- C. Unusual and dangerous
- D. Earlier than expected tooth eruption
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Six months is earlier than expected to have six teeth. At age 6 months, most infants have two teeth. Although unusual, having six teeth at 6 months is not dangerous.
During the 2-month well-child checkup, the nurse expects the infant to respond to sound in which manner?
- A. Respond to name.
- B. React to loud noise with Moro reflex.
- C. Turn his or her head to side when sound is at ear level.
- D. Locate sound by turning his or her head in a curving arc.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: At 2 months of age, an infant should turn his or her head to the side when a noise is made at ear level. At birth, infants respond to sound with a startle or Moro reflex. An infant responds to his or her name and locates sounds by turning his or her head in a curving arc at age 6 to 9 months.
The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurses best response?
- A. Allow him to cry for no longer than 15 minutes and then pick him up.
- B. Babies need comforting and cuddling. Meeting these needs will not spoil him.
- C. Babies this young cry when they are hungry. Try feeding him when he cries.
- D. If he isnt soiled or wet, leave him, and hell cry himself to sleep.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Parents need to learn that a spoiled child is a response to inconsistent discipline and limit setting. It is important to meet the infants developmental needs, including comforting and cuddling. The data suggest that responding to a childs crying can actually decrease the overall crying time. Allowing him to cry for no longer than 15 minutes and then picking him up will reinforce prolonged crying. Infants at this age have other needs besides feeding. The parents should be taught to identify their infants cues. Counseling parents on letting the baby cry himself to sleep when not soiled or wet refers to sleep issues, not general infant behavior.
The nurse is checking reflexes on a 7-month-old infant. When the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position, the head is raised and the legs and spine are extended. Which reflex is this?
- A. Landau
- B. Parachute
- C. Body righting
- D. Labyrinth righting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position, the head is raised and the legs and spine are extended; this describes the Landau reflex. It appears at 6 to 8 months and persists until 12 to 24 months. The parachute reflex occurs when the infant is suspended in a horizontal prone position and suddenly thrust downward; the infant extends the hands and fingers forward as if to protect against falling. This appears at age 7 to 9 months and lasts indefinitely. Body righting occurs when turning the hips and shoulders to one side causes all other body parts to follow. It appears at 6 months of age and persists until 24 to 36 months. The labyrinth-righting reflex appears at 2 months and is strongest at 10 months. This reflex involves holding infants in the prone or supine position. They are able to raise their heads.
At which age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as his or her own hand?
- A. 1 month
- B. 2 months
- C. 3 months
- D. 4 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child can recognize familiar objects at approximately age 3 months. For the first 2 months of life, infants watch and observe their surroundings. The 4-month-old infant is beginning to develop hand-eye coordination.