Nokea
The nurse is educating a client on lifestyle changes to support fertility. Which recommendation is appropriate?
- A. Avoid caffeine and alcohol entirely.
- B. Engage in moderate exercise and maintain a balanced diet.
- C. Increase daily protein intake to boost fertility.
- D. Use herbal supplements for better ovulation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because moderate exercise and a balanced diet are essential for overall health, including fertility. Exercise can help regulate hormones and improve circulation to reproductive organs. A balanced diet provides necessary nutrients for optimal reproductive function.
Choice A is incorrect as complete avoidance of caffeine and alcohol is not necessary for fertility. Choice C is incorrect as excessive protein intake can negatively impact fertility. Choice D is incorrect as herbal supplements can have unknown effects on fertility and should be avoided without consulting a healthcare provider.
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A client's basal body temperature (BBT) chart for one full month is shown below. Based on the temperatures shown, what can the nurse conclude?
- A. It is likely that she has not ovulated.
- B. The client's fertile period is between 12 and 18 days.
- C. The client's period is abnormally long.
- D. It is likely that her progesterone levels rose on day 15.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A biphasic BBT pattern indicates ovulation, with rising temperatures reflecting progesterone elevation.
A woman telephones the prenatal clinic and reports that her water just broke. Which suggestion by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Call us back when you start having contractions.
- B. Come to the clinic or emergency department for an evaluation.
- C. Drink 3 to 4 glasses of water and lie down.
- D. Come in as soon as you feel the urge to push.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a woman's water breaks, there is an increased risk of infection and cord prolapse, making it important for the woman to seek evaluation at the clinic or emergency department. Waiting for contractions to start, drinking water and lying down, and waiting to come in only when feeling the urge to push are not appropriate responses in this situation.
A patient asks how ovulation predictor kits work. What should the nurse explain?
- A. They measure estrogen levels in the blood.
- B. They detect the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in urine.
- C. They confirm pregnancy after ovulation.
- D. They monitor basal body temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ovulation predictor kits work by detecting the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in urine. LH surge triggers ovulation within 24-48 hours. This surge can be detected in urine, indicating that ovulation is about to occur. Estrogen levels (A) fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle but are not directly related to ovulation. Pregnancy confirmation (C) occurs after ovulation and fertilization. Basal body temperature (D) monitoring helps track ovulation patterns but does not predict ovulation directly.
The nurse responsible for completing the medical history during a couple's initial visit to the reproductive medicine clinic recognizes which condition as the leading cause of tubal factor infertility in females?
- A. History of endometriosis
- B. History of pelvic inflammatory disease
- C. History of ectopic pregnancy
- D. History of Asherman's syndrome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: History of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). PID can lead to scarring and blockage of the fallopian tubes, causing tubal factor infertility. Step 1: Identify common causes of tubal factor infertility. Step 2: Understand that PID is a major risk factor for tubal damage. Step 3: Recognize the importance of medical history in identifying underlying conditions. Other choices are incorrect because they do not directly relate to tubal factor infertility. Endometriosis (A) can affect fertility but is not the leading cause of tubal factor infertility. Ectopic pregnancy (C) and Asherman's syndrome (D) can impact fertility differently but are not the primary cause of tubal factor infertility.
A nurse is describing how the fetus moves through the birth canal. Which component would the nurse identify as being most important in allowing the fetal head to move through the pelvis?
- A. sutures
- B. fontanelles
- C. frontal bones
- D. biparietal diameter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sutures are important because they allow the cranial bones to overlap in order for the head to adjust in shape when pressure is exerted on it. Fontanelles are the intersections formed by the sutures. The frontal bones and biparietal diameter are not as crucial in allowing the fetal head to move through the pelvis.