Nokea
The nurse is educating a patient regarding the need to avoid foods high in potassium. What food choices led the nurse to conclude that teaching was not effective?
- A. Apples and green beans
- B. Kiwis and onions
- C. Apricots and asparagus
- D. Grapes and lima beans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Apricots and asparagus are potassium-rich.
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The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing. What is this a simple and accurate method of determining?
- A. An accurate weight
- B. Water balance
- C. Adequate nutrition
- D. Urinary output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A simple and accurate method of determining water balance is to weigh the patient under the same conditions each day.
When administering intravenous (IV) fluids the nurse ensures that the IV fluids are infusing as ordered to prevent dehydration in an adult. When could dehydration become lethal?
- A. If the patient loses 5% of body fluid
- B. If the patient loses 10% of body fluid
- C. If the patient loses 15% of body fluid
- D. If the patient loses 20% of body fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A loss of 20% of body fluid in an adult is fatal.
What are the three buffer systems of the body?
- A. Bicarbonate/carbonic acid system
- B. Respiratory system
- C. Renal system
- D. GI system
- E. Integumentary system
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The bicarbonate/carbonic acid system, the respiratory system, and the renal system are the buffer systems of the body.
Homeostasis of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluids depends on the ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid. What is this ratio?
- A. 1:5
- B. 1:10
- C. 1:15
- D. 1:20
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ratio needed for homeostasis is 1 part carbonic acid to 20 parts bicarbonate.
A child has been having an asthma attack for the last 8 hours. Because of the child's inability to exhale effectively the nurse assesses for respiratory __.
Correct Answer: acidosis
Rationale: Retained CO2 will lead to respiratory acidosis.