Nokea
When a patient takes substances into the body they first enter the extracellular compartment. What must the substances enter to carry out their function?
- A. Horizontal compartment
- B. Intracellular compartment
- C. Compartmental
- D. Vertical compartment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To carry out their function, substances must enter the cell.
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A patient began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours. What is the result of this loss of stomach contents?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Metabolic alkalosis
- C. Respiratory acidosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most common cause of metabolic alkalosis is vomiting gastric contents.
What are the three types of passive transport?
- A. Diffusion
- B. Titration
- C. Osmosis
- D. Distillation
- E. Filtration
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The three types of passive transport are diffusion, osmosis, and filtration.
The nurse explains that a normal adult will lose approximately 350 mL of water through respiration in the course of a(n) __.
Correct Answer: day
Rationale: Adults lose about 350 mL of water daily through respiration.
What percentage of an adult's body weight consists of water?
- A. 10% to 20%
- B. 30% to 40%
- C. 50% to 60%
- D. 70% to 80%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The percentage of water declines to 50% to 60% in adults.
Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal. What is the order of effectiveness for these three systems?
- A. Blood buffers kidneys and lungs
- B. Kidneys lungs and blood buffers
- C. Blood buffers lungs and kidneys
- D. Lungs kidneys and blood buffers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The three systems are blood buffers, lungs, and kidneys. The blood buffers' speed is a fraction of a second, the lungs take minutes, and the kidneys take hours to days.