Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions

Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Related

Review Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions related questions and content

The nurse is evaluating a female child with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis for signs of improvement. Which finding typically is the earliest sign of improvement?

  • A. Increased urine output
  • B. Increased appetite
  • C. Increased energy level
  • D. Decreased diarrhea
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a child with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the earliest sign of improvement typically seen is an increased urine output. This is because one of the hallmark features of glomerulonephritis is decreased urine output (oliguria) or even anuria. As the condition improves, the kidneys start functioning better, leading to increased urine output. Monitoring urine output is crucial in assessing the renal function and overall improvement in patients with glomerulonephritis. While increased appetite, energy level, and decreased diarrhea are important indicators of a child's overall health status, they are not specific signs of improvement in the context of acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

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For a client with low blood volume, what are the implications of decreasing blood pressure and a rapid heart rate?

  • A. Compression of blood vessels due to blood loss
  • B. Increase in the circulating blood volume
  • C. Inadequate renal perfusion
  • D. Hypovolemia and shock
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a client with low blood volume, a decrease in blood pressure and a rapid heart rate can indicate hypovolemia, which is a condition characterized by a decreased volume of circulating blood. This can lead to inadequate perfusion of vital organs, including the kidneys (choice C), as well as other tissues throughout the body. If left unaddressed, severe hypovolemia can progress to shock, a critical condition where there is inadequate blood flow to meet the body's metabolic demands. This can result in organ dysfunction and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, the implications of decreasing blood pressure and a rapid heart rate in a client with low blood volume are indicative of hypovolemia and the potential development of shock.

While caring for a patient who is hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis and dehydration, the pediatric nurse notes that the patient's parent keeps packets of herbs by the patient's bedside. Suspecting that the parent may be administering the herbs to the patient, the nurse's first action is to:

  • A. ask the parent in a nonjudgmental manner about the herbs.
  • B. coordinate a nursing care conference to discuss the patient's plan of care.
  • C. discuss the risks of using alternative therapies with the parent.
  • D. refer the family to a social worker for possible nonadherence with the healthcare regimen.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A nonjudgmental approach encourages open communication and allows the nurse to assess the situation appropriately.

A nurse is recommending strategies to a group of school-age children for prevention of obesity. Which should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Eat breakfast daily.
  • B. Limit fruits and vegetables.
  • C. Have frequent family meals with parents present.
  • D. Eat frequently at restaurants.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Eating breakfast daily is important for maintaining a healthy weight as it kick starts the metabolism and prevents overeating later in the day.

A client is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). After recovering from the initial shock of the diagnosis, the client expresses a desire to learn as much as possible about HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When teaching the client about the immune system, the nurse states that adaptive immunity is provide by which type of white blood cell?

  • A. Neutrophil
  • B. Monocyte
  • C. Basophil
  • D. Lymphocyte
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Lymphocytes are the type of white blood cells that provide adaptive immunity. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies that can specifically recognize and target certain pathogens (including HIV), while T cells have various functions in the immune response, such as directly killing infected cells or helping other immune cells. Adaptive immunity is characterized by the body's ability to remember specific pathogens and mount a targeted response upon subsequent exposures. In the context of HIV and AIDS, understanding the role of lymphocytes in adaptive immunity is essential for the client to comprehend how the virus affects the immune system and why immune function becomes compromised over time.

Chemotherapy has a major role in many childhood CNS tumors. In which of the following tumors is chemotherapy not effective?

  • A. pilocytic astrocytoma
  • B. craniopharyngioma
  • C. pineoblastoma
  • D. supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors (SPNETs)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pilocytic astrocytomas are generally low-grade and less responsive to chemotherapy compared to other listed tumors.

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