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The nurse is evaluating the therapeutic outcome of medication therapy for a client with herpes simplex virus (HSV). Which client statement best confirms medication use?
- A. I take my medication per physician's order.
- B. I seem to have fewer breakouts with fewer symptoms.
- C. I am able to take the medication with food to prevent nausea.
- D. I feel that things are going better in my life.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best evidence confirming a therapeutic outcome of medication use is the client's statement of having less symptom breakouts and fewer symptoms. This indicates that the medication is being effective to contain the disease. It is good that the client administers the medications per physician's order and is able to tolerate the medication with food. Although it is a positive statement that things are going better in the client's life, it does not necessarily mean that the effect stems from the medication therapy.
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The nurse is providing teaching for a client newly diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection. Which instruction is most helpful to prevent autoinoculation of the STI?
- A. Pat lesions instead of scratching.
- B. Use different sections of a towel to dry areas with lesions.
- C. Perform thorough handwashing.
- D. Do not share personal items with others.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Autoinoculation means to 'self-infect.' The nurse is most helpful to stress that handwashing helps prevent the spread of infection to others and to other parts of one's own body. Patting lesions can still spread the infection. The client should use a different towel to clean non-infected parts of the body. Sharing personal items spreads the infection to others.
The nurse is assessing an older adult client with a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Which of the following should inform the nurse's assessment?
- A. Older adults can be sexually active, and it is important to abandon biases suggesting otherwise.
- B. Older adults, because of their maturity, are rarely embarrassed to talk about this.
- C. Older adults know the ways to prevent STIs.
- D. Older adults who are sexually active have less risk for STIs than other age groups.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses should abandon biases that older adults are sexually inactive. Therefore, when taking a health history, nurses should include questions about sexuality and behaviors that put them at risk for STIs. Older clients who are sexually active have the same risks of acquiring an STI as other age groups. Older adults who are not in monogamous relationships may not understand ways that are appropriate for preventing STIs. Some older adults with an STI are embarrassed and may not seek medical attention. Careful assessment is necessary to help the older adult receive medical treatment as quickly as possible.
The nurse is completing a community education via a pamphlet on sexually transmitted diseases. Which key point is most important for the nurse to emphasize?
- A. Common age-groups for clients with sexually transmitted diseases are in their late teens and 20s.
- B. Many people are asymptomatic and show no symptoms contributing to the spread of the disease.
- C. Some sexually transmitted diseases can cause infertility caused by scarring of reproductive organs.
- D. Some sexually transmitted diseases can be transmitted to newborns through the birth canal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is most correct to emphasize information regarding prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. The information that many people are asymptomatic and show no symptoms is an important point to stress. Common age-groups are an interesting fact. Repercussions of the disease are also important to highlight; however, prevention is most important.
The nurse is addressing a multidisciplinary panel stating the need for continued education on sexually transmitted infections (STI). One of the points is the fact that the statistics of infection are underreported. Which is the main reason that statistics are underreported?
- A. Clients do not often seek treatment for STIs.
- B. Only certain STIs are reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- C. Poor communication is suffered between their physician offices and reporting agency.
- D. Reporting physicians are afraid of being sued for a breach in confidentiality.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is most correct to state that only certain sexually transmitted infections are mandated to be reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, thus providing incomplete data. Most clients with an infection report for treatment to a physician's office, clinic, or emergency department. Although communication between government agencies and local offices can always be improved, mandated reporting is specific to the information needed. There is no breach in confidentiality.
Which type of sexually transmitted disease is the nurse most accurate to highlight in the client's history as it remains dormant in the body and can reoccur at any time?
- A. Chlamydia
- B. Herpes infection
- C. Gonorrhea
- D. Syphilis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse is most accurate to highlight the herpes infection as the virus can remain dormant in the ganglia of the nerves. Symptoms are usually more severe with the initial outbreak. Subsequent episodes are usually shorter and less intense. The other infections are important to note in the history.