Nokea
The nurse is giving liquid medications through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Which technique is correct?
- A. Administering the medications using a 3-mL medication syringe
- B. Applying firm pressure on the syringe's piston to infuse the medication
- C. Flushing the tubing with 30 mL of saline after the medication has been given
- D. Using the barrel of the syringe, allowing the medication to flow via gravity into the tube
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For PEG tubes, medications are poured into the syringe barrel with the piston removed, allowing gravity flow to prevent tube damage. A 3-mL syringe is too small, firm pressure is unsafe, and saline flush is incorrect (tap water is used).
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The nurse is about to give a rectal suppository to a patient. Which technique would facilitate the administration and absorption of the rectal suppository?
- A. Having the patient lie on the right side, unless contraindicated
- B. Having the patient hold his or her breath during insertion of the medication
- C. Lubricating the suppository with a small amount of petroleum-based lubricant before insertion
- D. Encouraging the patient to lie on the left side for 15 to 20 minutes after insertion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Positioning the patient on the left side and using a water-soluble lubricant facilitates insertion and absorption of a rectal suppository. The patient should remain on the left side for 15-20 minutes. Petroleum-based lubricants are not used, and breath-holding is not necessary.
The nurse is giving an intradermal (ID) injection and will choose which syringe for this injection?
- A. interderm_1.PNG
- B. interderm_2.PNG
- C. interderm_3.PNG
- D. interderm_4.PNG
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The proper size syringe for ID injection is a 1-mL tuberculin. The other syringes pictured are incorrect. Insulin syringes (marked in units) are not used for intradermal injections.
The nurse is measuring 4 mL of a liquid cough elixir for a child. Which method is most appropriate?
- A. Using a teaspoon to measure and administer
- B. Holding the medication cup at eye level and filling it to the desired level
- C. Withdrawing the elixir from the container using a syringe without a needle attached
- D. Withdrawing the elixir from the container using a calibrated oral syringe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A calibrated oral syringe ensures accurate measurement of small liquid volumes, preventing dosing errors. Teaspoons and medication cups are less precise, and a syringe without a needle may risk aspiration or parenteral administration.
When adding medications to a bag of intravenous (IV) fluid, the nurse will use which method to mix the solution?
- A. Shaking the bag or bottle vigorously
- B. Turning the bag or bottle gently from side to side
- C. Inverting the bag or bottle one time after injecting the medication
- D. Allowing the IV solution to stand for 10 minutes to enhance even distribution of medication
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gently turning the IV bag or bottle from side to side ensures even mixing of the medication without causing bubbles or degradation. The other methods are insufficient or inappropriate.
While the nurse is assisting a patient in taking his medications, the medication cup falls to the floor, spilling the tablets. What is the nurse's best action at this time?
- A. Discarding the medications and repeating preparation
- B. Asking the patient if he will take the medications
- C. Waiting until the next dose time, and then giving the medications
- D. Retrieving the medications and administering them to avoid waste
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Medications that fall to the floor are contaminated and must be discarded. The nurse should prepare a new dose to ensure safety. The other actions risk administering contaminated medication or delaying treatment.